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4th Nov 2007

In Search of Eden: The Origin of Man


Kat Arney

Chris Smith

This week on the Naked Scientists we’re taking the ultimate road trip – following the spread of humans across the globe. We’re joined by Jenny Collier to discuss how an enormous flood cut Britain off from Europe, sparking thousands of years of jokes and grudges in the process.  Chris Turney will be here to explain how you date a Hobbit, using radiocarbon rather than romantic means.

We’ll also be looking at the history of fire, discussing recent evidence that early man could have kept his toes warm at the hearth 1.5 million years ago.  Meanwhile here in the present day, Kitchen Scientists Ben and Dave have a go at making fire the old-fashioned way.

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Interviews

Over Everest

Giles Cardozo, Bear Grylls, Michael Vore

Dating the Hobbit

Professor Chris Turney, University of Exeter

Ancestral Fires

Dr Anne Skinner, Williams College, Massachusetts

The Big Flood

Dr Jenny Collier, Imperial College London

Questions

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Why is it recommended to put salt on cuts? It seems to be popular advice with dealing with cuts on the inside of your mouth, for example, but what’s really happening and is using salt actually a good idea?


Why, if you’re standing in a doorway and you push you arms against the door for about 30-40 seconds and then step out, your arms go ‘woo’ up in the air? What’s going on?


Why does opening a car window on a hot day when the car is running feel much cooler than opening it when the car is at rest?


Why are there apes in the zoo? Why does one ape decide, ‘I fancy being a man,’ and another genus of ape says, ‘I’m quite happy being an ape'?


In Search of Eden: The Origin of Man - More about this podcast

Are we there yet?

This week on the Naked Scientists we’re taking the ultimate road trip – following the spread of humans across the globe. We’re joined by Jenny Collier to discuss how an enormous flood cut Britain off from Europe, sparking thousands of years of jokes and grudges in the process.  Chris Turney will be here to explain how you date a Hobbit, using radiocarbon rather than romantic means.

We’ll also be looking at the history of fire, discussing recent evidence that early man could have kept his toes warm at the hearth 1.5 million years ago.  Meanwhile here in the present day, Kitchen Scientists Ben and Dave have a go at making fire the old-fashioned way.

Mega-flood warning

Although it’s hard to believe nowadays, Britain used to be part of the land mass of Europe, and our ancestors could walk over to France with ease for a spot of hunting and gathering. But some time between 450,000 and 200,000 years ago, a mega-flood changed all that.

The flood is thought to be the result of an enormous lake in what is now the North Sea bursting through an ice dam and rushing across the continent. At its peak, the flood discharged around one million cubic metres of water per second, and resulted in major rivers such as the Thames and the Rhine being re-routed. Dr Jenny Collier is from Imperial  College, London, and we’ll be talking to her about the giant flood that shaped the geography – and subsequent history – of our island nation.

Dating a Hobbit

Homo floresiensis – affectionately known as “the Hobbit” – hit the headlines a few years ago when scientists found remains of these diminutive hominids on the Indonesian island of Flores. Here at the Naked Scientists we wondered if they could be the ancestors of our own Dr Kat, who’s more than a little on the short side. But since their discovery a scientific storm has raged about the specimens. Are they a pygmy version of modern humans, or an entirely separate species? Or maybe they had a syndrome called microcephaly (small heads)?

To help us get to the bottom of this evolutionary mystery, we’re joined by Dr Chris Turney from the University of Exeter.  He was responsible for radiodating the specimens, and he’ll be telling us how he’s using the latest developments in technology to pin dates on some of the sites where key hominid fossils have been found.

Twisted firestarters

The controlled use of fire was a vital step in the progress of humans from the grunting creatures of a million years ago to the grunting creatures of today.  Until recently, the oldest known use of fire by man was thought to be around 400,000 years ago, at a site in China.  But new research has turned up evidence of fire use in South Africa dating back 1.5 million years.  We’ll be finding out how complex scientific analysis has revealed that these are likely to be genuine campfires, rather than accidental brush fires.  And does it mean we have to rewrite our theories about the evolution of the human brain?

Finally, in this week’s Kitchen Science, Ben Valsler and Dave Ansell attempt to make fire the old fashioned way – using flint.  Well, we always thought they were a bit primitive…

Kat Arney



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