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A-Z of AVIONICS
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A-Z of AVIONICS
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #420 on:
03/02/2007 02:59:53 »
Magnetic Therapy
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Reply #421 on:
03/02/2007 22:14:07 »
N
ystatin
Rachel Fuller Brown and Elizabeth Lee Hazen invented the worlds first useful antifungal antibiotic - nystatin.
As researchers for the New York Department of Health, Elizabeth Lee Hazen and Rachel Fuller Brown combined their efforts to develop the anti-fungal antibiotic drug nystatin. The drug, patented in 1957 was used to cure many disfiguring, disabling fungal infections as well as to balance the effect of many antibacterial drugs. In addition to human ailments, the drug has been used to treat such problems as Dutch Elm’s disease and to restore water-damaged artwork from the effects of mold.
The two scientists donated the royalties from their invention, over $13 million dollars, to the nonprofit Research Corporation for the advancement of academic scientific study. Elizabeth Lee Hazen and Rachel Fuller Brown were inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1994.
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Reply #422 on:
03/02/2007 22:56:04 »
Obsessional neurosis =
A psychoneurosis characterized by compulsive ideas or irresistible urges and often manifested in the ritualistic performance of certain acts.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #423 on:
04/02/2007 22:34:00 »
P
APERCLIP
The fastening of papers has been historical referenced to as early as the 13th century, when people put ribbon through parallel incisions in the upper left hand corner of pages. Later people started to wax the ribbons to make them stronger and easier to undo and redo. This was the way people clipped papers together for the next six hundred years.
In 1835, a New York physician named John Ireland Howe invented a machine for mass producing straight pins. Straight pins then became a popular way to fasten papers together, although they were not originally designed for that purpose. Straight pins were designed to be used in sewing and tailoring, to temporally fasten cloth together.
Johan Vaaler patentJohan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor with a degree in electronics, science and mathematics, invented the paperclip in 1899. He received a patent for his design from Germany in 1899, since Norway had no patent laws at that time. Johan Vaaler was an employee at a local invention office when he invented the paperclip. He received an American patent in 1901 -- patent abstract "It consists of forming same of a spring material, such as a piece of wire, that is bent to a rectangular, triangular, or otherwise shaped hoop, the end parts of which wire piece form members or tongues lying side by side in contrary directions." Johan Vaaler was the first person to patent a paperclip design, although other unpatented designs might have existed first.
American inventor, Cornelius J. Brosnan filed for an American patent for a paperclip in 1900. He called his invention the "Konaclip".
William Middlebrook patented a machine for making Gem paper clipsBut it was a company called the Gem Manufacturing Ltd. of England who first designed the double oval shaped standard looking paperclip. This familiar and famous paperclip, was and still is referred to as the "Gem" clip. William Middlebrook, of Waterbury, Connecticut, patented a machine for making paper clips of the Gem design in 1899. The Gem paperclip was never patented.
People have been re-inventing the paperclip over and over again. The designs that have been the most successful are the "Gem" with it's double oval shape, the "Non-Skid" which held in place well, the "Ideal" used for thick wads of paper, and the "Owl" the paperclip that did not get tangled up with other paperclips.
note:
During World War II, Norwegians were prohibited from wearing any buttons with the likeness or initials of their king on them. In protest they started wearing paperclips, because paperclips were a Norwegian invention whose original function was to bind together. This was a protest against the Nazi occupation and wearing a paperclip could have gotten you arrested.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
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patent drawings from USPTO
photo:
www.freeimages.co.uk
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #424 on:
05/02/2007 18:15:22 »
Q
)
uinghaosu (Artemisinin)
http://presidentofindia.nic.in/images/quing.jpg
http://www.biosite.dk/leksikon/images/artemisinin.gif
http://www.cpamedia.com/history/malaria_miracle_drug/mosquitoe.jpg
Annual erect plant up to 2m tall. Leaves 2-3 pinnatisect or decompound, serrate or lobulate. Inflorescence panicle (compound raceme) with capitulum. The capitula are inoonspicuous hemispherical, pendulous. Achenes surface has longitudinal striations and lack pappus. Parts used : Aerial parts /
Artemisinin
Major constituents : One of the economically important constituents of the plant is the sesquiterpene lactone
artemisinin
. The other main constituents are artemisitene, arteannuin B and artemisinic acid.
Uses : The compound
artemisinin
has been found to be effective for the treatment of
chloroquin resistant malaria and cerebral malaria
.
Two semi-synthetic derivatives of artemisinin namely arteehter and artesunate have been found to be more effective than artemisinin in the clinical trails. The palnt yield essential oil after st4am distillation of fresh herbage which is widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetics and flavouring industries.
from: http://presidentofindia.nic.in/herbal.html
Artemisinin: Malaria's Magic Bullet?
"Years of vaccine research have produced few hopeful candidates and although scientists are redoubling the search, an
effective vaccine is at best years away
. Science still has no magic bullet for malaria and many doubt that such a single solution will ever exist."
- Statistics Division of the United Nations (January,
2002
)
...In
May 2004
, the World Health Organization (WHO) gave the thumbs up to the miracle drug of malaria,
Artemisinin
. This Chinese herbal remedy has been recognized as a 97% effective in curing Falciparum malaria and is now due to be distributed globally, especially to Africa where
one child dies from malaria every 30 seconds
.
Apparently reacting to a conclusive report in the medical magazine, The Lancet the WHO (in co-ordination with the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria) authorized the purchase and distribution of one million doses of Artemisinin and the cancellation of orders for other ineffective medications.
The Killer
Alongside tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS, malaria is the most deadly disease on the planet with over
300 million persons directly infected every year
. Although over 70% of deaths occur in Africa alone, almost half of the world's population lives in tropical or sub-tropical regions and is therefore at risk.
...
4further reading, click here:
http://www.cpamedia.com/history/malaria_miracle_drug/
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #425 on:
05/02/2007 21:58:02 »
Jacob
R
abinow
Jacob Rabinow (1910 - 1999) was an engineer who led a truly prolific career as an inventor. He earned a total of 230 U.S. patents on a variety of mechanical, optical and electrical devices.
Rabinow was born in Kharkov, Ukraine, in 1910. In 1919, his family moved to China, then in 1921 to the United States. He graduated from the City College of New York with a Bachelor's Degree in Engineering in 1933, and a Master's Degree in Electrical Engineering in 1934. His career as an inventor began when he was hired as a mechanical engineer in 1938 by the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or NIST). He made many developments there, mainly in defense systems, and eventually became Chief of the Electro-Mechanical Ordnance Division at NBS before leaving in 1954 to form his own company.
During this time, Rabinow invented and patented a number of revolutionary devices. Among them are the first disc-shaped magnetic storage media for computers (1954), the magnetic particle clutch (1956), the first straight-line phonograph (1959), the first self-regulating clock (1960) and his famous "reading machine" (1960) which was the first to use the "best match" principle and was the basis for the reading, sorting and processing machines used today by banks and post offices.
In 1964, Rabinow's company joined Control Data Corporation (CDC), and until 1972 he was Vice President of CDC and head of the Rabinow Advanced Development Laboratory. In 1968 Rabinow formed the RABCO company to manufacture straight-line phonographs, and the company was later bought out by Harman-Kardon Corporation. In 1972 he returned to NBS where he was Chief Research Engineer until his retirement in 1989.
In addition to his patents, Jacob Rabinow was awarded many other merits for his scientific achievements. Among them are the President's Certificate of Merit (1948), the Industrial R&D Scientist of the Year Award (1960), the IEEE's Harry Diamond Award (1977), and the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award (1998). He published his book, Inventing for Fun and Profit, in 1989. He also delivered many speeches and lectures on inventions and technology, as a guest at many educational institutions and on several television and radio shows.
Rabinow was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #426 on:
05/02/2007 22:23:25 »
Stenosis
A stenosis is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. It is also sometimes called a "stricture" (as in urethral stricture).
Stenoses of the vascular type are often associated with a noise (bruit) resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This bruit can be made audible by a stethoscope. Other, more reliable methods of diagnosing a stenosis are imaging methods including ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Computed Tomography/CT-Angiography which display anatomic imaging (i.e. the visible narrowing of a vessel) and/or flow phenomena (signs of the movement of the bodily fluid through the bodily structure).
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #427 on:
05/02/2007 23:17:49 »
T
aenia solium
http://www.fao.org/AG/AGAINFO/SUBJECTS/en/health/diseases-cards/cards/Taenia-solium.jpg
http://mek.oszk.hu/03400/03408/html/img/thumb/brehm-18-018-3.jpg
«
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #428 on:
06/02/2007 03:09:06 »
U
mbrella
An umbrella is a collapsible canopy that protects a person from rain or sun. They can be made by stretching a fabric or other material over a wire frame and have a handle for carrying or securing in a base. The person is kept dry by the fabric which is usually waterproof and water rolls off the sides.
An umbrella made for protection from the sun is called a parasol. These are often meant to be fixed to one point and often used with patio tables or other outdoor furniture, or on the beach for shelter from the sun. However parasols can also be hand held devices.
The word umbrella is from the Latin word umbra for shade or shadow. Brolly is a slang word for umbrella, used often in Britain and Australia.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #429 on:
06/02/2007 04:44:47 »
Velocity
=
The rate of change of position with time, both in terms of speed and direction.
Thank you Neil,I was slipping..
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Reply #430 on:
06/02/2007 09:46:05 »
W
hipple's disease
http://www.pathguy.com/lectures/whipple.gif
http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/gnn_images/news_content/03_03/w_art/whart_1.jpg
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #431 on:
06/02/2007 11:21:49 »
xenograft =
A graft of skin, bone,etc,from an individual of another species.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #432 on:
06/02/2007 11:53:46 »
Y
am Modem
http://www.nordlink.org/yam/y110bcss.jpg
Welcome to the
YAM modem WWW server
.
This site provides information about the YAM modem for packet radio.
Born in the Summer 1997 as a 9600 bps G3RUH compatible modem, the YAM is a multi-standard modem capable of AFSK 1200 bps and Manchester-FSK 2400 bps operations.
The YAM modem integrates all the functions of a packet radio modem and parts of those of implemented in a TNC using only three integrated circuits and interfaces directly to a PC serial port from which it is also powered.
The YAM introduces a substantial new in the arena of packet radio modems and is based on a FPGA (Xilinx's Xc5202) which includes a large amount of logice resources allowing a reduced components count and a more compact form factor.
from:
http://www.nordlink.org/yam/yam-e.htm
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #433 on:
06/02/2007 16:43:09 »
Frank
Z
amboni
Frank Joseph Zamboni, Jr. (January 16, 1901 – July 27, 1988) was a U.S. inventor whose most famous invention was the Zamboni machine for resurfacing ice rinks.
He was born in Eureka, Utah to Italian immigrants. His parents soon bought a farm near Pocatello, Idaho, where he grew up. In 1920, he moved with his parents to the harbor district of Los Angeles, where his older brother George was operating an auto repair business. After attending a trade school in Chicago, he and his younger brother Lawrence opened an electrical supply business in 1922 in the Los Angeles suburb of Hynes (now part of Paramount). The following year, he married, and eventually had three children. In 1927, he and Lawrence added an ice-making plant and entered the block ice business. They sold their block ice business in 1939, seeing little future in that business with the recent advent of electrically operated refrigeration units. However, they kept their refrigeration equipment because they planned to open an ice rink nearby.
In 1940, the brothers, along with a cousin, opened the Iceland rink, which proved very popular, in no small part because Frank had devised a way to eliminate rippling caused by the pipes that were laid down to keep the rink frozen. (The rink still operates, and is still owned by the Zamboni family.) He obtained a patent for that innovation in 1946. Then, in 1948, he invented a machine that transformed the job of resurfacing an ice rink from a three-man, 90-minute task to a one-man, 10-minute job. In 1949, he applied for a patent, and set up Frank J. Zamboni & Co. in Paramount to build and sell the machines. He obtained his patent in 1953. Demand for the machine proved great enough that his company added a second plant in Brantford, Ontario and a branch office in Switzerland. Though the term Zamboni was (and remains) trademarked by his company, the name is now commonly used for any brand of ice resurfacing machine.
In the 1970s, he invented machines to remove water from outdoor artificial turf surfaces, remove paint stripes from the same surfaces, and roll up and lay down artificial turf in domed stadiums. His final invention, in 1983, was an automatic edger to remove ice buildup from the edges of rinks.
He died of lung cancer in 1988, about two months after his wife's death. The Zamboni company, which has sold over 7000 of its signature machines in its history, is still owned and operated by the Zamboni family, currently by Frank's son and grandson.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #434 on:
06/02/2007 17:21:17 »
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
First British long distance calls (1878) : a royal introduction
Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated his telephone to Queen Victoria on January 14, 1878, at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. During the demonstration Bell made calls to London, Cowes and Southampton. These were the first publicly witnessed long-distance calls in the UK.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #435 on:
06/02/2007 22:03:46 »
B
arcode
[ Invalid Attachment ]
What is bar code? It is method of automatic identification and data collection. The first patent for a bar code type product (US Patent #2,612,994) was issued to inventors Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver on October 7, 1952. The Woodland and Silver bar code can be described as a "bull's eye" symbol, made up of a series of concentric circles.
Examine the 1958 patent drawing to the left that depicts the Woodland's and Silver's bar code label and the 1958 patent drawing below right of the inventors' bar code scanner technology. The photo below left is an example of today's U.P.C. bar code on a product package.
In 1948, Bernard Silver was a graduate student at Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia. A local food chain store owner had made an inquiry to the Drexel Institute asking about research into a method of automatically reading product information during checkout. Bernard Silver joined together with fellow graduate student Norman Joseph Woodland to work on a solution.
Woodland's first idea was to use ultraviolet light sensitive ink. The team built a working prototype but decided that the system was too unstable and expensive. They went back to the drawing board.
On October 20, 1949, Woodland and Silver filed their patent application for the "Classifying Apparatus and Method", describing their invention as "article classification...through the medium of identifying patterns".
Bar code was first used commercially in 1966, however, it was soon realized that there would have to be some sort of industry standard set. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code or UGPIC was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The first company to produce bar code equipment for retail trade use (using UGPIC) was the American company Monarch Marking in 1970, and for industrial use, the British company Plessey Telecommunications was also first in 1970. UGPIC evolved into the U.P.C. symbol set or Universal Product Code, which is still used in the United States. George J. Laurer is considered the inventor of U.P.C. or Uniform Product Code, which was invented in 1973.
In June of 1974, the first U.P.C. scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio. The first product to have a bar code included was a packet of Wrigley's Gum
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Reply #436 on:
06/02/2007 22:16:26 »
Crystal
Methamphetamine
Fast Facts:
http://www.meth-addiction.com/meth-addiction-information.html
Crystal methamphetamine is a colorless, odorless form of d-methamphetamine, a powerful and highly addictive synthetic (man-made) stimulant. Crystal methamphetamine typically resembles small fragments of glass or shiny blue-white "rocks" of various sizes. Like powdered methamphetamine (another form of d-methamphetamine), crystal methamphetamine is abused because of the long-lasting euphoric effects it produces. Crystal methamphetamine, however, typically has a higher purity level and may produce even longer-lasting and more intense physiological effects than the powdered form of the drug.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #437 on:
06/02/2007 23:33:12 »
D
ermatoglyphics (Fingerprints)
http://www.humanhand.com/images/fingerprints.jpg
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Reply #438 on:
07/02/2007 00:35:25 »
E
pstein-Barr virus
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also called Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of the herpes family (which includes Herpes simplex virus and Cytomegalovirus), and is one of the most common viruses in humans. Most people become infected with EBV, which is often asymptomatic but commonly causes infectious mononucleosis. It is named after Michael Epstein and Yvonne Barr, who together with Bert Achong discovered the virus in 1964.[1]
[ Invalid Attachment ]
Image:Leukemia cells that contain Epstein Barrvirus using a FA staining technique PHIL 2984 lores.jpg
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #439 on:
07/02/2007 01:30:10 »
Fossil
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