Naked Science Forum
General Science => General Science => Topic started by: need2know on 17/10/2007 17:14:47
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Posts: 1
MessageID: 133131
Today at 16:24:35 »
I am doing a study on the resonant frequencies of gold-au197, silver-ag107 + ag109, and copper-cu63...i am far from a scientist, and any help here would be appreciated......Studying the different periodic tables, these metals have resonant frequencies that vary from table to table..i imagine this is due to the way the testing is performed ? these metals/frequencies are shown below.....
{most popular}
metal freq freq freq
gold 1.729mhz -1.712mhz -8.563mhz
silver107 4.047mhz 4.046mhz 20.233mhz
silver109 4.652mhz 4.652mhz 23.260mhz
copper#1 26.528mhz -26.505mhz 132.525mhz
copper#2 28.417mhz -28.394mhz 141.972 mhz
my questions are #1- knowing these frequencies were observed in a laboratory, in a machine, in a scientific type setting, would they be the same frequencies these metals would resonate at if on or in the ground/dirt/earth ???
#2- if not, exactly what frequency would these metals resonate at ?
#3- if they do differ, is there a formula that can be worked to show the actual amount of change in these frequencies when each metal comes in contact with the earth ?
reason for my questions is because i was told that the contact with the earth, because of the earths energy/magnatism and several other reasons would make alot of difference in the resonant frequencies..i was told that gold, when in contact with the earth would resonate at around 35-38 mhz instead of 1.729mhz...
i would appreciate any help on this as i need to get to the exact frequency these elements resonate while in contact with mother earth.......thanks....need2know
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Firstly, we heard you the first time. Please don't cross post.
Secondly, what sort of resonance are you talking about?
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sorry, didn't mean to upset anyone...i was not sure which thread to post question in so i put it in both....as to what kind of frequency, what ever kind of frequency these metals resonate ? as i said i am not a scientist..as far as i know there is only "frequency" ? .in the periodic tables it has resonance frequencies listed...study into it shows these metals resonate at certain frequencies..the tables don't say what type of frequencies....from what i have read nearly everything on the planet resonates at its own frequency, although i have never seen anywhere that mentioned types, only differences in the resonation.......thanks,,,n2k
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Can you give us a reference about this 'frequency' thing?
A piece of metal will resonate at any frequency you want if you cut it to the right size - either mechanical vibrations or electromagnetic oscillations. Then there are all the various frequencies associated with atomic transitions.
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Need2know At first sight you are talking total rubbish. Please can you give exact references to the texts or web pages that you are consulting to find this information and give us a bit of information about the aims of your study.
To be strictly correct frequencies mhz are millihertz ie thousanths of a cycle per second and make no sense in any physical terms, MHz is Megahertz ie millions of cycles per second.
The only frequences as low as that I am aware of that are relevant to particular atoms that are as low as this are Nuclear magnetic resonance frequencies and these depend on the strength of the magnetic field that the sample is subjected to so different experimenters could use different magnetic field strengths and get different frequencies.
However the meaning of the negative frequencies and the three values on the table does not fit with this as far as I understand so either you are ommitting a lot of essential background or you are talking some sort of new age gobbledegook.
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Is the sort of thing you mean?
http://www.chimorg.unifi.it/~chimichi/Ag.html
If so then the NMR frequencies are not greatly affected by chemical combination ( typically a few tens of ppm) but they only resonate at those frequencies in the presence of a huge magnetic field.
Why do you want to know?
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Poor ol' need2know.
All the big guns hit him at once - bang -bang - bang!
We're really quite friendly most of the time.
Try us with something else.
btw, my watch's minute hand has a period of nearly 0.3mHz. That's pretty meaningful, S S!
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Ah I see they are nuclear magnetic resonance frequencies. good searching bored chemist
Quote
Note: Resonance frequencies are quoted relative to a resonance
frequency of exactly 100(2.3488 T), 200(4.6975 T), and 300(7.0463 T) MHz for 1H
The magnetic fields quoted are in tesla
Still don't see where the negative frequencies come from though
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Could the negative and positive frequencies refer to sidebands - upper and lower about some 'probe frequency'?
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http://www.eclipse.net/~numare/nsinmrpt.htm
http://nmr.magnet.fsu.edu/resources/nuclei/Au.htm
http://www.nyu.edu/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/aj39/NMRmap.cgi
http://www.pascal-man.com/periodic-table/periodictable.html
http://arrhenius.rider.edu/nmr/NMR_tutor/periodic_table/nmr_pt_frameset.html
http://www.helpfulwaves.com/helpfulwaves-periodic-table.htm
to post a few different ones...might not be the exact ones posted above but there is enough for you to see the difference in the various tables....call it gobbleygook or what you wish, what i have posted came from results from testing {i guess, they might have just made it all up to get grant money, who knows ?} from a bunch of scientist, of which i am not one.....i see that these metals resonate a frequency..i do not know how these scientists or whatever they are come up with like material resonating way different frequencies...that doesn't matter as much as the question that bugs me most...what frequency do these metals resonate while in or on the ground ?? As i know it is most likely quite different than the frequencies they resonate at while in a lab being manipulated by professors inside machines, spinning around, being subjected to magnetism, atomic blasts or whatever it is they do to these metals to get these frequencies...bored chemist, i appreciate your insight...the magnetic thing is part of my problem...doesn't the earth a have magnetic field ? is it strong enough to make these metals resonate ? if so, how would one go about finding these frequencies ?.....there are molecular frequency generators made to generate these frequencies but from what i see in the periodic tables the frequencies these generators are resonating isn't even close to what it should be and i am trying to get to the bottom of it all....thanks....n2k
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for any wanting info on the generator , molecular frequency generator/discriminator discussed here, including frequencies these units generate........
http://geotech.thunting.com/cgi-bin/pages/common/index.pl?page=lrl&file=/projects/mfd1/index.dat
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Sorry there are a lot of people posting on the forum who have some wacky theory (which is absolutely fine), and will defend them to the death in the face of overwhelming rational arguement (which is annoying) so people can get a bit sensitive about things which look odd...
Back to the question.
Resonance just means that if you vibrate something in some way at a resonant frequency it will vibrate very strongly.
You can vibrate objects in many different ways, and depending on the way you are vibrating it or even how fast you are vibrating it whether the resonances are a property of the material, the shape of the material or a combination of the two can change.
for example the resonant frequency of a pendulum in a clock is a property of the shape of the pendulum not of the brass you made it of.
On the other hand the electromagnetic resonance in a purple object that absorbs the green light is a property of the material not its shape.
Any resonance that is going to be affected by putting it near some earth is not going to be a property of the material.
The reason that you are getting lots of different values is that you are looking at different resonances, every material will have many different resonances of differnt types
The first four you list are NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Rsonance) resonances which are radio frequency resonances caused by a property of the nuceli of the atoms interacting with a magnetic field, hence change the magnetic field you will change the resonance. So the resonant frequencies should be quoted with a magnetic field strength in tesla (T)
The last one looks wacky and not scientific at all, the home page for the site is talking about magnetising glass, and silicone, neither of which are ferromagnetic so you couldn't magnetise them.
You could in theory do NMR in the earth's magnetic field, although not with conventional equipment, the problem is that the lower the magnetic field the lower the frequency that the resonance occurs at. Normally you pick up the signal with a copper coil. The problem is that copper coils are very bad at detecting low frequency radio signals so you loose sensitivity very quickly and you can't see anything.
It is possible to use a SQUID - very sensitive magnetic field detector to do the job
http://www.lbl.gov/tt/techs/lbnl1729.html
You can then do NMR and MRI (properly Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging but they lost the N as it scared people) in fields similar to that of the earth, but I think it is very slow
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THANK YOU VERY MUCH DAVESHORTS !!!!!!!!!! just the type info i was hoping to get........n2k
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I think need2know's question revolves around treasure hunting methods. Currently, detecting buried gold or silver (coins, jewelry, nuggets, whatever) requires swinging a metal detector coil pretty much directly over the target, and even then conditions have to be right in order to detect the target (size, shape, depth, soil mineralization, sweep methods, etc).
The Holy Grail of treasure hunting is a method that will detect e.g. buried gold at long distances, say 10's to 100's of meters. One thing that has been proposed is NMR methods, which is what need2know was asking about. Some people have proposed transmitting a signal that will cause buried gold to resonate or oscillate, and somehow detecting the direction/location of resonance. So is this feasible?
Gold has an NMR frequency of 1.754MHz relative to hydrogen @ 100MHz, which establishes the test magnetic field at about 2.35T. The Earth has an average field of about 50uT, so buried gold would have an NMR frequency of about 37Hz. Someone please correct me if I'm wrong.
So would this be a feasible method? I think not, if for no other reason than 37Hz is way too low to make any kind of realistic directional receiver. But even if you could figure out a solution to the electronics, would the basic physics work? I know in magnetometry and I think MRI as well, hydrogen is the element at work. Is this because the single-proton nucleus is easy to precess? Would a solid gold structure exhibit any measurable level of NMR precession when pinged with an impulse field? Also, would a 37Hz magnetic field cause a sustained resonance?
I'd like to hear any thoughts on this approach. I am an electronics engineer with the normal physics & chemistry coursework, and I've designed metal detectors & magnetometers.
Thanks.
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37Hz is way too low to make any kind of realistic directional receiver
Using 'nulling' techniques, you can get a much sharper peak in directivity than the nominal 'beamwidth' of an antenna. You can DF a source of only 1MHz within a couple of degrees.
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While I realise that working out how to make a directional antenna for 37Hz would be difficult, I think the real problem is to do with sensitivity.NMR spectrometers use the strongest fields they can get. This is because the energy of the transition is small- comparable with ther thermal energy of the object so you have 2 states (with the nucleus' field aligned parallel or antiparallel with the applied field) but they have very nearly the same population. An incoming RH photon is very nearly as likely to knock an excited state nucleus down to the gorund state as it is to be absorbed by a ground state nucleus. Half the time the photon is absorbed, the other half (very nearly) it is re emited with a second identical photon. Overall the absorbtion is tiny. With a lower field strength you have even more of a problem.
I'm not saying it's impossible but it would certainly be slow; the only way you could reliably see the signal would be to average it over a long time.
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Using 'nulling' techniques, you can get a much sharper peak in directivity than the nominal 'beamwidth' of an antenna. You can DF a source of only 1MHz within a couple of degrees.
True, but that's only effective when you can build an antenna whose element sizes are a substantial portion of the wavelength. 1/4-wavelength is most efficient, but you can go lower... 37Hz has a wavelength of over 8000km so it would be a huge challenge, or a huge antenna.
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While I realise that working out how to make a directional antenna for 37Hz would be difficult, I think the real problem is to do with sensitivity.NMR spectrometers use the strongest fields they can get. This is because the energy of the transition is small- comparable with ther thermal energy of the object so you have 2 states (with the nucleus' field aligned parallel or antiparallel with the applied field) but they have very nearly the same population. An incoming RH photon is very nearly as likely to knock an excited state nucleus down to the gorund state as it is to be absorbed by a ground state nucleus. Half the time the photon is absorbed, the other half (very nearly) it is re emited with a second identical photon. Overall the absorbtion is tiny. With a lower field strength you have even more of a problem.
I'm not saying it's impossible but it would certainly be slow; the only way you could reliably see the signal would be to average it over a long time.
In a proton-precession magnetometer we place a bottle of hydrogen-rich fluid (distilled water or kerosene, usually) inside a big coil. The coil is energized to align the proton spins, then de-energized to allow the protons to precess. It so happens that hydrogen at 50uT (Earth field) precesses at about 2kHz, so if the coil signal is amplified you can actually hear the precession decay. As I understand it, only a small minority of protons actually precess in unison, the rest are randomly hopping states as you said, and result in random noise.
Question #1: How does MRI compare? It's my understanding that the big honkin' magnetic field is always 'on', not "pinged" as in a mag. So I assume they are not looking at precession decay, but what? Precession alignment?
Question #2: Why hydrogen? Why not carbon? Are fluids easier to manipulate proton spins? Or is it the atomic weight? I.e., single proton nucleus being far easier/lower energy to align than e.g. 6-proton carbon or 79-proton gold.
Thanks.
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MRI involves the absorption, of RF energy at a certain frequency in a certain level of magnetic field. Unlike the 'pinger' it uses pulses of rf and 'listens to' the energy given off after each pulse. Energy at a given frequency is only absorbed and given off by atoms in the region with the correct magnetic field. It requires an image with some definition to it. Using a field gradient across the subject and varying the field actually gives you a measure of the density of a set of slices along an axis. The steeper the gradient and the higher the field, the greater the acuity of the image. Scanning along the two other axes and doing some sums actually locates and measures the density of H nuclei on a 3D matrix of points. It is much more expensive than a simple hand-held 'pinger' and yields much more information.
I imagine that the spin of a proton is much easier to spot when it is not bound to other nuclides in a heavier atom. Hence, they use Hydrogen. The angular momentum of a composite nucleus does not just involve the spin of its components.
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Posts: 1
MessageID: 133131
Today at 16:24:35 »
I am doing a study on the resonant frequencies of gold-au197, silver-ag107 + ag109, and copper-cu63...i am far from a scientist, and any help here would be appreciated......Studying the different periodic tables, these metals have resonant frequencies that vary from table to table..i imagine this is due to the way the testing is performed ? these metals/frequencies are shown below.....
{most popular}
metal freq freq freq
gold 1.729mhz -1.712mhz -8.563mhz
silver107 4.047mhz 4.046mhz 20.233mhz
silver109 4.652mhz 4.652mhz 23.260mhz
copper#1 26.528mhz -26.505mhz 132.525mhz
copper#2 28.417mhz -28.394mhz 141.972 mhz
my questions are #1- knowing these frequencies were observed in a laboratory, in a machine, in a scientific type setting, would they be the same frequencies these metals would resonate at if on or in the ground/dirt/earth ???
#2- if not, exactly what frequency would these metals resonate at ?
#3- if they do differ, is there a formula that can be worked to show the actual amount of change in these frequencies when each metal comes in contact with the earth ?
reason for my questions is because i was told that the contact with the earth, because of the earths energy/magnatism and several other reasons would make alot of difference in the resonant frequencies..i was told that gold, when in contact with the earth would resonate at around 35-38 mhz instead of 1.729mhz...
i would appreciate any help on this as i need to get to the exact frequency these elements resonate while in contact with mother earth.......thanks....need2know
Need2know The answer you are looking for would be 18.1 mhz that is the speed the electron travels around the nucleus
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Hello, I know this topic is old. I have been researching for over a year this area and I don't give myself a title other than a Curious Enthusiast. Today my research has brought me here. I think I may have an idea of how to detect gold with gold sorta. The idea is, send a vibration pulse into the ground, if the pulse hits gold, it will resonate and it will send back a vibrating pulse. Now there is a key here and that is not to monitor for a return pulse(which as you say would be a massive antenna) but to have a simple small machine with a "tuned" piece of gold that will resonate when the pulse returns to the machine.
What does everyone else here think about that? Plausible? What would it take?
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Hello, I know this topic is old. I have been researching for over a year this area and I don't give myself a title other than a Curious Enthusiast. Today my research has brought me here. I think I may have an idea of how to detect gold with gold sorta. The idea is, send a vibration pulse into the ground, if the pulse hits gold, it will resonate and it will send back a vibrating pulse. Now there is a key here and that is not to monitor for a return pulse(which as you say would be a massive antenna) but to have a simple small machine with a "tuned" piece of gold that will resonate when the pulse returns to the machine.
What does everyone else here think about that? Plausible? What would it take?
That's an interesting idea, but I don't think it would work without using a very, very powerful pulse to ping the buried gold, and then a very sensitive sensor in your hand that can react to the gold reacting. You would have to protect the detector from the initial ping pulse (and any random backscatter).
The main problem with this type of approach is that both the power of the initial ping and the power of the returning signal suffer by a factor of 1/(distance squared) (at least) so whatever power is needed to detect a sample at 10 meter distance would be 10000 times more than is needed to detect at 1 meter distance. You are also limited by the amount of gold in the sample. Because there is a finite number of atoms, there is a maximum power that can be absorbed and re-emitted. I don't know how strong that would be, but it sets an upper limit on how far you could possibly detect the NMR signal of something given the sensitivity of your detector.
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I imagen the first designs would be quite a bit larger than a hand held device, probably a pickup truck size device powered by hydrogen fuel cells to produce the required energy. I feel like we are capable of doing this.
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send a vibration pulse into the ground, if the pulse hits gold, it will resonate and it will send back a vibrating pulse
"Vibration" normally implies a sound pulse. Sound Pulses are fairly easy to generate in air with loudspeakers or in the ground with hydraulic actuators (especially if you are aiming for 37Hz, as some of the above calculations suggest).
However, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is not an effect of vibrations or sound, it is an electromagnetic phenomenon.
To excite an NMR response, you have to align the spins of the gold atoms (Earth's magnetic field has had quite a while to do this), and then hit it with an electromagnetic field, and then listen on a radio circuit to try and detect the oscillation. So we are talking about powerful radio transmitters and sensitive radio receivers, all with large antennas.
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OK, let's see if I can stop people wasting any more time on this.
The OP was asking about NMR transitions for silver etc.
those transition frequencies depend on the magnetic field.
For the dominant isotope of silver the frequency in the Earth's magnetic field would be somewhere near 80Hz (Not mHz or M hz in this case, but a low audio frequency)
You can't get a large scale homogeneous field any other way than using the earth's field. The earth's field around 10 or 100µ tesla is about 10,000 times smaller than that used in those old NMR machines, and hence the signal strength is also about 4 or 5 orders of magnitude smaller.
So essentially, that's the signal we are stuck with and it's rather close to the power line frequencies so interference is going to be pretty horrific.
Then there's the other problem. the NMR transition is weak in the first place. Old-school 30Mhz proton MNR spectrometers could barely resolve spectra at concentrations less than 1% or so.
A rock containing 1% silver would be pretty much miraculous, common ores contain something like 100 parts per million. so that's about 3 orders of magnitude worth of more difficult..
And then there's the intrinsic signal strength that varies from one element to another.
For silver it's about 50 millionths as strong as for protons. That's anothe 4 or 5 orders of magnitude.
I have lost track of the orders of magnitude here, but I think the problem is that you would be trying to look in a relatively difficult part of the spectrum for a signal that's about a million million times to small to see, and there's also the interesting problem that
radio waves don't travel well through rock.
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Hello everyone !
Mr atom here ! So than lets see mmmm very interesting Cambridge university and not one academic with the ability to function a request of atomic frequencies into a simply answer ! What a total confusion and from what I have read it is very clear the periodic table of natural frequencies at 0c is missing. Now why is that ? Have you any Idea how fundamentally important it is to know how to confirm an atoms harmonic frequency at 0c and yet its lost in a pile of research data that has no formula to present the answer to the question.
Every atom has a size and that size is the same size as a wave that can fit perfectly inside it and that size of wave determines the correct atomic frequency!
Each atom is a construct of space and energy that combined determine the value of that atom either in frequency and its nuclear energy ! Each proton is 1kw of potential and that is the way its been since I was born into this dimensional madness you call a universe hahah.
When we consider atomic resonance we must include the harmonic of the atom ! One may also consider THE CONFUSION as to the many declarations of so called frequencies seen in the spectrum as dark bands as these only determine what element one is seeing. So light frequency ect ect is not the natural harmonic frequency of the atom but can be accepted as the RF associated with that atom.
If I hit a single atom and there is one close by there is a good chance both will ring but not if the second atom is far away inside the earth .
The frequency of spin is also very important and I do mean the spin of the atoms electrons and nuclei and its with these vectors of spin that most atomic measurements for frequency are made but they are not the correct overall frequency of the atom ! And are mostly dependent on external factors like radiation entropy or enthalpy and that is going to send you down the wrong path if all you want is the natural frequency of just a single atom.
Now than lets make a periodic piano and place the first 93 natural elements on to this piano starting with negative hydrogen ! Did I say negative hydrogen as the first in the 93 natural atomic elements ? YES ! And is in all truth the most important atom yet to be place in the periodic table.
Negative hydrogen is where a single hydrogen atom of 1H with one electron is completely at rest at zero energy and its electron is sitting gently on the head of its proton ! Waiting to react with ???? Life !!! In fact 4 billion years ago at the bottom of heavy ice negative hydrogen was formed as the first life giving element on this planet. We owe everything to this negative element !
But for now I want to place natural hydrogen H1 positive on the piano as the first note and all its harmonic parts are all to be found in its key note chromatic scale ... OK ! But for now lets just call H1 the root note frequency for the first not on the piano !
If you don't play music you will find this a bit hard to understand but I will do my very best to make it very simple ! Each root note has a key frequency and for all the elements on our periodic piano H1 at 0c and its root note never changes no matter what the temperature is . This may come as a bit of a surprise but it is a very important fact as its root note meaning the size of it can never change unless at -273K or when it is inside a super nova reaction !
You can never change the size or mass weight of an atom without gravity and is why fusion reactors are impossible to ever produce free energy ! And yes all the researchers know that but they like to keep the true harmonics of atoms quite ! Its something to do with research money lies and disseat stupidity and ignorance !
Anyway we now have our first root note atom on our periodic piano wow that's real progress and as we ponder on the new facts here presented I want to consider the H1 atom as number 2 in our periodic atomic piano ! And I do mean periodic piano not periodic table !!
I can detail every subatomic particle it is made of and all its hidden secrets including gravity and its zero point potential its dark energy and dark mater constants and its anti mater partner ! I can also detail how the universe made it and from what medium prior to the big bang !
But for now lets just observe its size and place all 4 wave functions inside it ! Sine triangle square swatooth ! These wave functions are the controllers of all the H1 internal harmonics with the sine wave as the root note harmonic. We are not considering micro waves as they are a functional component of external influence for this H1 atom.
The electrical frequency of the H1 is equal to 1836 hz which is equal to the square of charge over the proton from its single electron and this is governed by the electron mass to proton mass ratio which is also 1836 ! Meaning the proton is 1836 times the mass of its H1 electron.
Bu do not confuse this as the natural root frequency of the H1 atom, as we now know that this frequency is the same as the size of single sine wave that fits perfectly inside the H1 atom ! Each frequency has its own wave size in length and amplitude meaning its height and that will determine what the root note frequency is for the H1 atomic structure .
So now we have the H1 atomic structure harmonic frequency and its electrical frequency at 0c anything else is subatomic frequencies and they depend on gravity and temperature and as they are of many parts and hold most of the overall potential the out side atomic H1 temperature is different than its internal nuclear and subatomic temperatures and are insulated and protected by the H1 electron !
Now we must consider that there are 9 quarks inside the proton and 3 of them can never be detected unless the H1 proton hits a target at the speed of light . This confirms that deep inside of the proton is a very very cold place ! So cold its at a perfected -273k and is why we can never measure directly all 9 quarks ! But one must also consider that as we smaller and smaller we encounter the plank level and the temperature there is below -273k !
This may sound strange but the truth is that before the big bang the temperature of the universe was -360K and all the mass and energy we now see and measure comes from the difference between these two numbers and is 87K !
Now the important question what is the correct size of the H1 atom and to that we will find its harmonic root frequency in hz and how does that predict the root frequencies of all the other 92 atomic elements !
This is where you present what you believe these numbers should be and I will determine them as fact or fiction and present them in a all there quantum probability as nothing more than empty space ! This may also sound strange but an atom only exists when being observed directly or indirectly . But that is a different problem !
Who AM I ? I AM THE BEST THERE IS ! LOL X
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May I remind you that this is a science forum?