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Non Life Sciences => Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology => Topic started by: Alan McDougall on 11/11/2008 16:48:37

Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 11/11/2008 16:48:37
Greetings


The universe is asymmetrical in that of it consists almost completely of normal mass, matter and energy. "This is lucky for us" as Symmetrical universe of equal amounts of matter and antimatter would have resulted in a universe of pure energy of Gama rays, no planets, stars, galaxies, just radiant energy.

The big bang theory suggests that equal amounts of matter and antimatter should have been created at this event. But this did not happen

Why??

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 11/11/2008 19:34:13
Because.  Further details to be supplied when known [;D]

It could be down to quantum effects where, although statistically everything should have been equal, nothing ever exactly matches the statistics because we can only compute probabilities and not certainties.  The degree of correlation is extremely high, but then the degree of asymmetry required was extremely low.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: that mad man on 13/11/2008 03:20:43
In a sense its the attractive force of gravity that keeps matter together. Perhaps the antimatter was formed but had a repulsive gravity and quickly dissipated or changed form. Antimatter has been created at CERN but is very short lived.

Maybe that's why gravity is just an attractive force and the reason why there is no anti-gravity around.

Just a thought from a moment ago. [:)]
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 13/11/2008 07:44:28
that mad man

Quote
In a sense its the attractive force of gravity that keeps matter together. Perhaps the antimatter was formed but had a repulsive gravity and quickly dissipated or changed form. Antimatter has been created at CERN but is very short lived.

Maybe that's why gravity is just an attractive force and the reason why there is no anti-gravity around.

Just a thought from a moment ago.


And a very good thought at that, from a very sane man  [;D]
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 13/11/2008 09:00:35
Perhaps the antimatter was formed but had a repulsive gravity and quickly dissipated or changed form.

Maybe the space fairies stole it.  [::)]

It is commonly thought that antimatter is subject to ordinary gravity. However, this has never been experimentally proven and there are some theories which predict that matter and antimatter should fall differently due to other, as yet unknown, forces, However, in these theories antimatter would still be attracted by gravity, not repelled; it would just be attracted a bit differently.

As for it having changed form; antimatter should behave exactly the same as matter but with an opposite charge. Therefore, if antimatter changed form for some reason then matter should also have done so.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 13/11/2008 09:59:31
Doctor Beaver,

What about gravitons and antigravitons?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 13/11/2008 11:24:09
What about them?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 13/11/2008 16:14:50
Could 'anti gravity' then have fled into the 'fourth dimension' becoming???
And no, I'm definitely not sane here:)
But it would be cool for a SF..
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 13/11/2008 16:58:13
The 4th dimension is time. I assume you meant a 4th dimension of space.

That would involve constraining antigravity to a single dimension. All theories that involve extra spatial dimensions have gravity acting in all of them. If antigravity is the same as gravity, but repulsive rather than attractive, then it too should work in all dimensions and have the same strength as gravity. That clearly is not the case or the 2 forces would balance each other out and nothing in the universe would have aggregated to form planets, stars, galaxies etc.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 13/11/2008 19:55:50
Ah!! We see them here we see them there these strange and weird superstring. These particles if the exist are millions of times smaller than quarks, they have only one dimension, width  but no length or the reverse and when we find the gritters they will/might answer everything and at last T.O.E

Maybe they have something to do with our asymmetrical universe as the might bind quarks to gravitons etc etc

They are the ultimate superglue or so it seems

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 13/11/2008 23:36:08
Well, shamefully i will admit that I was referring to time.
And I will insist in that it would have been a cool Sf, with lots and lots of possibilities.
And if someone disagrees I will blame it on 'Mad mans' ah, impressive depth of imagination:)
Hah...
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Soul Surfer on 13/11/2008 23:47:45
most models of the big bang assume that the universe started with an equal amount of matter and antimatter and that almost all of it annihilated very early on in the expansion to produce a great deal of electromagnetic radiation.  however there is a slight asymmetry in the decay of the B meson which is currently being intensively studied.  this results in a small amount of normal matter remaining.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 14/11/2008 00:02:12
Ian - do you have a link to any blurb on that B meson decay? Preferably not something that's all maths. In something I was reading there was a passing reference to it, much as in your post, and I'd like to know a bit more about it.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 14/11/2008 01:53:18
Gravity and anti-gravity shouldn't really be considered as opposites.  It's like saying that the opposite to filling a bucket from a tap is pouring the water out or making a hole in the bucket to drain it.  While the different actions might achieve opposite results, the true opposite to a tap filling the bucket with water would be an anti-tap that sucked the water out.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: that mad man on 14/11/2008 03:11:34
I don't mind, you can blame me [;D]

But, to be honest I know little about antimatter and that was just a quick on the spur though.

It is commonly thought that antimatter is subject to ordinary gravity. However, this has never been experimentally proven and there are some theories which predict that matter and antimatter should fall differently due to other, as yet unknown, forces, However, in these theories antimatter would still be attracted by gravity, not repelled; it would just be attracted a bit differently.

That's just a big a mess.

Commonly thought, subject to ordinary gravity but not proven, should fall differently due to other, as yet unknown, forces, it would just be attracted a bit differently.

In other words its just guesswork!

If the charges are reversed then one should take into account the possibility that gravity in antimatter could also be reversed. If so then antimatter would not exist for long and it don't. It seems odd to me to think that the gravity part of antimatter would not be reversed when the rest is.

What I'm saying I suppose is that when antimatter is created so is anti-gravity and when that happens the antimatter breaks down into energy. Its unstable, whereas normal matter is stable.

I will now shut up and have a read up on the subject as its now also got me thinking about dark energy/matter.  [:)]

 
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 14/11/2008 03:36:09
It's a bit more than just guesswork. Those theories aren't just the result of random thoughts slung haphazardly together. They are consistent and cohesive but, as yet, they have not been scientifically verified. The same can be said for other theories that are "doing the rounds", especially where string theory is concerned.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 14/11/2008 07:44:54
Soulsurfer and others,

 

Quote
most models of the big bang assume that the universe started with an equal amount of matter and antimatter and that almost all of it annihilated very early on in the expansion to produce a great deal of electromagnetic radiation.  however there is a slight asymmetry in the decay of the B meson which is currently being intensively studied.  this results in a small amount of normal matter remaining

If there were truly equal amounts of matter, antimatter at the moment of creation big bang, the question remains why did the early universe not covert all this into radiant energy. As science believes it should have

The universe is not how physics says it should be, somehow it is asymmetrical instead of symmetrical, luckily for us and due to this fact we exist

It is the lucky Goldie Locks effect again and if life just based on this lucky enigma

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Soul Surfer on 14/11/2008 10:22:55
Beaver man;  Just Google "B meson" (including the quotes) it will give you lots of good references.  I haven't got one that I would particularly recommend at the moment.  B meson factories are very popular with the high energy physicists while waiting for the LHC to come on line.

this one seems to be quite readable  http://www.physics.uc.edu/~kayk/cpviol/CP.html
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 14/11/2008 13:05:13
OK. Thanks, Ian.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 14/11/2008 16:24:20
Ian

Interesting link, thanks, but the question still reamains unanswered.

Like you said the LHC might bring us closer to the answer

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 14/11/2008 17:46:01
Just another thought about anti-gravity...

If anti-gravity acts as a repulsive force, will this have the opposite effect to time dilation?  That is, the rate of time is highest for an infinitely distant observer where the gravitational field is infinitely small and this could be considered to be the base-line rate of time.  The actual rate of time in the universe will always be lower than the base-line rate of time because the gravitational field everywhere in the observable universe is greater than infinitely small.  However, if anti-gravity increases the rate of time, then as one approached an anti-matter black hole, time would pass more quickly and you'd start getting some very weird energy results.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 14/11/2008 18:39:34
Just another thought about anti-gravity...

If anti-gravity acts as a repulsive force, will this have the opposite effect to time dilation?  That is, the rate of time is highest for an infinitely distant observer where the gravitational field is infinitely small and this could be considered to be the base-line rate of time.  The actual rate of time in the universe will always be lower than the base-line rate of time because the gravitational field everywhere in the observable universe is greater than infinitely small.  However, if anti-gravity increases the rate of time, then as one approached an anti-matter black hole, time would pass more quickly and you'd start getting some very weird energy results.

I don't like the thought of that 1 little bit
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 14/11/2008 18:42:00
Yes Lee,

Gravity varies from place to place in the universe so there is no absolute universal time, if the universe is infinite and eternal maybe there is a place unimaginably far removed to be totally uneffected by   mass , matter and any forms of energy, a place of "absolute total empty nothingness", where time may even advance at an unimaginable rate.

But is time tangled up with space and light?


As time moves slower on massive objects on the most massive object, the big bang singularity, where the mass was infinite time stood still, did it not

Is this something like what you meant in your post? Anti gravity is still theoretical as far as I know

Alan

Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 14/11/2008 18:45:46
DoctorBeaver

Quote
I don't like the thought of that 1 little bit

Why??  [;D]

Be kind, gentle and loving  [;)]
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 14/11/2008 20:02:26
Just another thought about anti-gravity...

If anti-gravity acts as a repulsive force, will this have the opposite effect to time dilation?  That is, the rate of time is highest for an infinitely distant observer where the gravitational field is infinitely small and this could be considered to be the base-line rate of time.  The actual rate of time in the universe will always be lower than the base-line rate of time because the gravitational field everywhere in the observable universe is greater than infinitely small.  However, if anti-gravity increases the rate of time, then as one approached an anti-matter black hole, time would pass more quickly and you'd start getting some very weird energy results.

I knew there was something bugging me about that and it's just clicked.

Gravitational time dilation is due to the curvature of spacetime. The greater the curvature, the greater the dilation. Gravity produces that curvature. So antigravity would produce anticurvature. And what is anti-curvature? It's flat. In flat spacetime there is no time dilation.

HA... get out of that 1!

Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: lyner on 15/11/2008 15:32:18
I don't really want to be part of the 'angels on a pinhead' discussion but I would point out, DrB, that you can have both positive and negative curvature. This will, when driving a car, for instance, 'push you' left or right in your seat, depending on the curvature of the road.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 15/11/2008 17:07:27
not necessarily DB, draw a circle, everything inside that circle we call 'our' universe.
Now spray it lightly with our NEW waterproof improved formula 'AntiGravity 2008'.
Harken and quail as this circle just opens up and then close itself but now symmetrically turned around.
Before you start arguing about 2D contra 3D i just want to point out that this new cosmological model of mine is thought to happen in an infinite plan of small planes in 2D.
(And yes, by using times arrow inside those planes, superimposed on each other, you could almost swear to that it was 3D (+ time))
QED!
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: lyner on 15/11/2008 17:10:38
Interesting until we got to the "QED" bit;)
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 15/11/2008 17:14:32
?
It's latin..

(Isn't it?)
And I'm pretty sure it means, I came, I saw, I suggested?
Or something to that matter?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 15/11/2008 17:33:56
Hi, All

I like this simple explanation

In the early 1970s Kobayashi and Maskawa put forward an explanation of why the P symmetry and the C symmetry together should break down. In so doing, they took up some early ideas by the eminent Russian physicist and Nobel Peace Prize winner Andrei Sakharov to predict that the tiny imbalance in the mirror and charge symmetries could allow the amount of matter in the universe to exceed the amount of antimatter.

Whenever a proton meets an antiproton there is an explosion, Sakharov claimed, a mutual annihilation. If there were a "billion antiprotons" and a "billion and one protons", only that one extra proton would survive the destruction. Only the tiny surplus of matter over antimatter is what is around today. So you could say that the existence of ordinary stars, our planet, and ourselves, is due to nature's preference for matter. And this in turn depends crucially on the tiny asymmetry at the heart of

Of course if the reverse happened the universe would be a asymmetrical antimatter universe (Alan's comment)

Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 15/11/2008 18:01:31
Just another thought about anti-gravity...

If anti-gravity acts as a repulsive force, will this have the opposite effect to time dilation?  That is, the rate of time is highest for an infinitely distant observer where the gravitational field is infinitely small and this could be considered to be the base-line rate of time.  The actual rate of time in the universe will always be lower than the base-line rate of time because the gravitational field everywhere in the observable universe is greater than infinitely small.  However, if anti-gravity increases the rate of time, then as one approached an anti-matter black hole, time would pass more quickly and you'd start getting some very weird energy results.

I knew there was something bugging me about that and it's just clicked.

Gravitational time dilation is due to the curvature of spacetime. The greater the curvature, the greater the dilation. Gravity produces that curvature. So antigravity would produce anticurvature. And what is anti-curvature? It's flat. In flat spacetime there is no time dilation.

HA... get out of that 1!


Umm...  I would get out of that by saying that anti-curvature is not the same as flatness, which is zero curvature [;D]

In mathematical terms, you're claiming that the anti-value of any +ve number is zero, are you not?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: lyner on 15/11/2008 18:51:14
?
It's latin..

(Isn't it?)
And I'm pretty sure it means, I came, I saw, I suggested?
Or something to that matter?
It's just that QED (Quod erat demonstrandum) means 'Which was to be proved / demonstrated' and nothing was proved.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 15/11/2008 19:23:45

Come on, it will grow on you SC.
I had all the difficult words spelled right, right?
And I was just preparing it for that EU-grant...

Not that I care though.
I have many more fine ideas where that came from?
I hope??

Back to the drawing board:)
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 15/11/2008 19:33:53

yor_on 


Quote
Come on, it will grow on you SC.
I had all the difficult words spelled right, right?
And I was just preparing it for that EU-grant...

Not that I care though.
I have many more fine ideas where that came from?
I hope??

Back to the drawing board:)

What?? Original thinking?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 15/11/2008 20:09:50
Wish I knew?
Any way, thanks for your comments:)
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 15/11/2008 20:30:19
I don't really want to be part of the 'angels on a pinhead' discussion but I would point out, DrB, that you can have both positive and negative curvature.

I am aware of that; but they are both curvatures. They are not anti-curvatures.


Quote
not necessarily DB, draw a circle, everything inside that circle we call 'our' universe.
Now spray it lightly with our NEW waterproof improved formula 'AntiGravity 2008'.
Harken and quail as this circle just opens up and then close itself but now symmetrically turned around.


I can't reply to that yet as I'm not sure what you mean by "just opens up and then close itself but now symmetrically turned around". Do you mean it turns itself inside-out?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: lyner on 15/11/2008 21:51:59
Quote
They are not anti-curvatures.
You would need to define that term- perhaps in the form of differential calculus, to avoid confusion.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 16/11/2008 03:34:00
Quote
They are not anti-curvatures.
You would need to define that term- perhaps in the form of differential calculus, to avoid confusion.

I don't need to resort to calculus. Anti means "the opposite of". If you want the opposite of a curve you can't just curve the other way as that is still a curve. The only possible opposite of a curve is flat or straight.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: lyner on 16/11/2008 22:43:27
No, that isn't rigorous enough.
Curvature has a SIGN or can be Zero.
You must be discussing something different which you'd need to define and develop to establish its validity.
I suppose you could talk about the distinction between 'closed' or 'symmetrical' curvature (as in a paraboloid) where the signs of the curvature are all the same or 'saddle' types of curvature where the signs are not all the same. These geometrical ideas are used in cosmological models.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 17/11/2008 13:15:02
No, that isn't rigorous enough.
Curvature has a SIGN or can be Zero.
You must be discussing something different which you'd need to define and develop to establish its validity.
I suppose you could talk about the distinction between 'closed' or 'symmetrical' curvature (as in a paraboloid) where the signs of the curvature are all the same or 'saddle' types of curvature where the signs are not all the same. These geometrical ideas are used in cosmological models.


Is this rigorous enough... (https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fbestsmileys.com%2Fhitting%2F11.gif&hash=2b24a3863fbb8d4a186043da06fcf843)

OK, I'll go away and have another think.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 17/11/2008 18:11:52
I think I agree with Sophie in that it comes down to the definition of 'anti' and 'opposite' and there are actually several different solutions depending on how you look at it.

The two easiest solutions just depend upon the interpretation of zero.

If I give you a bag of apples, you then have some apples, which would be the opposite of having no apples, but if I give you four apples it would not be the opposite of zero apples because this would also apply to three or five apples, or indeed any number of apples, and we end up with zero being the opposite to every number.  It comes down to how we treat zero.  If zero is treated as a number then the opposite of n cannot be zero, but if zero is treated as the absence of a number then it works.

But another way of looking at the issue is to define exactly what an anti-apple is.  I suspect that most people would probably say that an anti-apple would be an apple made out of anti-matter, but would this really be the opposite of an apple because it would still be an apple, albeit one made out of anti-matter?  An alternative way of defining an anti-apple would be to say that an anti-apple is anything that is not exactly an apple, which could be expressed as

  anti-n = set(infinity) - element(n)

And related to that definition is the one that says an anti-apple is anything that has zero apple-like qualities, but this then needs all qualities that might be regarded as apple-like to be identified.  Mathematically, this is rather like looking at prime numbers.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 08:42:29
Lee

Where would a rotten apple fit into your suggestion?  [;)] [;D]

An interesting suggestion, however.

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 08:54:27
http://www.scienceagogo.com/news/20040703232813data_trunc_sys.shtml

4 August 2004
Dramatic Assymetrical Matter, Antimatter Decay Observed
by Kate Melville
Physicists believe that when the universe began, matter and antimatter were present in equal amounts. But all observations indicate that the universe is made only of matter, so one of the big questions that physicists want to answer is "what happened to the antimatter?"

Physicists conducting the BaBar (B and B-Bar) experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) yesterday announced exciting new results demonstrating a dramatic difference in the behavior of matter and antimatter. The results have been submitted to the Physical Review Letters journal.
SLAC's PEP-II accelerator collides electrons and their antimatter counterparts, positrons, to produce an abundance of exotic heavy particle and anti-particle pairs known as B and anti-B mesons. These rare forms of matter and antimatter are short-lived, decaying in turn to other lighter subatomic particles, such as kaons and pions.

"If there were no difference between matter and antimatter, both the B meson and the anti-B meson would exhibit exactly the same pattern of decays. However, our new measurement shows an example of a large difference in decay rates instead," said BaBar spokesman Marcello Giorgi.

By sifting through the decays of more than 200 million pairs of B and anti-B mesons, BaBar experimenters have discovered striking matter-antimatter asymmetry. "We found 910 examples of the B meson decaying to a kaon and a pion, but only 696 examples for the anti-B mesons," Giorgi said.

While BaBar and other experiments have observed matter-antimatter asymmetries before, this is the first instance in B decays of a difference obtained by simply counting up the number of matter and antimatter decays, a phenomenon known as direct charge parity (CP) violation. "We have observed a clear, strong signal for asymmetrical behavior of matter and antimatter resulting from the direct CP violation mechanism," said James Olsen, one of the leaders of the analysis.

The new observation of a 13 percent preference for the B meson over the anti-B meson dwarfs a similar effect observed in kaons at only a tiny rate of 4 parts in a million. "The effect we have measured with B mesons is roughly 100,000 times stronger than for kaons," Olsen said. "The pattern of different types of matter-antimatter asymmetries is starting to come together into a coherent picture."

Physicists speculate that subtle differences between the behavior of matter and antimatter must be responsible for the matter-antimatter imbalance that developed in our universe. But current knowledge of these differences is incomplete and insufficient to account for the observed matter domination. CP violation is one of the three conditions outlined by Russian physicist Andrei Sakharov to account for the observed imbalance of matter and antimatter in the universe.

"The new measurement is very much a result of the outstanding performance of SLAC's PEP-II accelerator and the efficiency of the BABAR detector," Giorgi said. "The accelerator is now operating at 3 times its design performance and BaBar is able to record about 98 percent of collisions."
"The observation of the direct CP violation effect in B decays is a significant step forward in assembling the pieces of the puzzle of matter versus antimatter," said SLAC Director Jonathan Dorfan.


Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 09:04:59
Here is another view on the topic



A weird but serious solution for the Schrdingers Cat paradox

To be objective as possible to describe this new solution as clear as possible about double anti-universes at a distance (CPT symmetric) idea, related to my solution on Schrdingers Cat paradox, I use here the Wikipedia description of: three phenomena:

In the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, a system stops being a superposition of states and becomes either one or the other when an observation or measurement takes place. This experiment makes apparent the fact that the nature of measurement, or observation, is not well defined in this interpretation.
Broadly stated, a quantum superposition is the combination of all the possible states of a system (at least two, for example, the possible positions of a subatomic particle). The Copenhagen interpretation implies that the superposition only undergoes collapse into a definite state at the exact moment of quantum measurement

Schrdinger''s cat is a thought experiment, often described as a paradox, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrdinger in 1935. It illustrates what he saw as the problem of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics being applied to everyday objects. The thought experiment presents a cat that might be alive or dead, depending on an earlier random event. In the course of developing this experiment, he coined the term Verschrnkung (entanglement).

Quantum entanglement is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more objects are linked together so that one object can no longer be adequately described without full mention of its counterpart  even though the individual objects may be spatially separated. This interconnection leads to correlations between observable physical properties of remote systems. For example, quantum mechanics holds that states such as spin are indeterminate until such time as some physical intervention is made to measure the spin of the object in question.

My proposal for Schrdinger''s Cat is not that the Cat remains in a superposition of states before somebody is looking into the box, but the universe itself is constantly ,"looking" by entanglement of anti-copy particles located at a long distance away from each other.

This is very hard to understand, not because the Big bang and the universe should be fully symmetrical, but  we have to introduce the idea that there is a TIMELESS information exchange between these copy particles.
Secondly it is very hard to accept the idea that WE HUMANS ARE NOT UNIQUE AND HAVE TO CONQUER CONTINUOUSLY by entanglement WITH OUR COPY EGOS living inside an other universe far away, .

See also:
http://bigbang-entanglement.blogspot.com/2006/03/max-tegmark-john-cramer-and-aphorisms.html
http://bigbang-entanglement.blogspot.com/2007/03/backreaction-lee-smolins-trouble-with.html
http://bigbang-entanglement.blogspot.com/2007/02/contents.html
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Soul Surfer on 18/11/2008 09:33:23
Alan McDougall  The 9:04 copy posting on shrodingers cat looks seriously nutty and following my earlier comments about cut andpaste postings on other topics I am reporting you to the moderators.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 10:23:40
no comment did you not see the links below??????????????? the post open your eyes

And this comment nutty be it may was from a friend of mine from another forum and here is the link and dialogue

Hello Alan McDougall

JAaronNicholson has posted to the Paradoxes Resolved, Origins Illuminated board that you requested notification on. Regarding the subject - Why I disagree with  static eternal universe.

The thing about entropy that I see is that only things that have first been built up in some way can be in a position were they can then fall apart or back to the energy level that they started at.  Things can only return to a previously less structured or less hot state after having been artificially or by "divine-design" first been built up or structured or caused into existence from neutral raw elements and raw energies. 

There is a flow back and forth--in one direction, perhaps by design--in the other direction maybe not by any particular design, just a relaxing of the original "intent" and the sand castle is washed back to a flat surface by the ocean''s incoming tide.

I have to go with no Big Bang, also.  "Deaths and births" whether of humans or stars or galaxies are taking a myopic view of nature.  You have to step way back and see where the beginnings came from and where the endings are going onto to, in order to see the whole picture which is just endlessly cyclical. 

I know that this is equally difficult to put our frail human minds around, but this is a much more satisfying choice for me than that of a single shot of everything coming into existence out of a point and becoming all of this.  That is just never going to work for me.

Aaron

You can view the posting at http://metaresearch.org/msgboard/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1255


Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: LeeE on 18/11/2008 18:56:59
The BaBar experiment results are very interesting indeed, but isn't that degree of asymmetry way too high to fit the observed state of the universe?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 19:15:57
LeeE


Quote
The BaBar experiment results are very interesting indeed, but isn't that degree of asymmetry way too high to fit the observed state of the universe?

Yes there is a great deal of interesting work being done there,I think with the huge LHC tool maybe they can plunge into this mystery .

Somewhere in the attic of my mind I remember a suggestion, that an antiuniverse could have been formed at the big bang event and the matter universe separated from the antimatter universe by antigravity, which would perhaps act as gravity in this other reality, if it exists

Alan

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: syhprum on 18/11/2008 20:21:56
Has the matter ever been resolved as to how antimatter responds to the gravitational force generated by matter.
to put it succinctly do they fall up or down ?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: syhprum on 18/11/2008 21:06:44
A new way to produce antimatter has been developed,

http://www.physorg.com/news146160767.html

Perhaps the antimatter drive space ship might just be possible !
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 18/11/2008 21:59:16
syhprum 

Thanks for the link, but a huge amount of antimatter would be needed for an intersteller antimatter spaceship.

A sugar cube size antimatter matter device could could produce enough energy to supply a city of significant size for a period of a month or so, but this is just from memory and is just an example of the huge potential of antimatter energy
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: chrisdsn on 25/11/2008 05:14:20
It's a little complicated: Anti-matter certainly exists, and for every type of
particle there is a corresponding anti-particle. For many years it was thought
that particles acted just like anti-particles, thus leading to the puzzle of why
we seem to see mostly matter. In the early 60's it was discovered -- at around
the same time -- that both charge conjugation symmetry ( particles are equivalent to
anti-particles ) and parity symmetry ( our world and mirror image world look the same)
are not respected. However, for a few more years it was though that the combined symmetry
(CP) was respected. I this were true then for every particle you would have
an anti-particle of opposite parity, so still we would expect equal amounts of matter
and anti-matter.

In the late 60's Cronin and Fitch (who won the Nobel prize in 1980 for this) discovered
that CP was not conserved when studying the decay/oscillation of a kaon to an anti-kaon.
Such CP-violation is now part of the Standard Model of particle physics. Within the
standard model this CP-violation is controlled by a single parameter. The aforementioned
attempts to study CP-violation on the b-meson system are not an attempt to discover
CP-violation (been there, done that), but to get another extraction of this parameter.
If it agrees with that from the kaon system (does so far), then the Standard Model
looks good, it if differs (let's hope) then we have a handle to move beyond the
standard model. 

That being said: The Standard Model does lead to matter/anti-matter asymmetry,
but, as observed, this effect comes entirely from the weak force and
is *tiny*; certainly not enough to naively explain the asymmetry we see.
However, this asymmetry could have been seeded in the early universe where
the rules are very different than we see now. For example, there are several
theories that use the fact that QCD (so the strong, not the weak force) can
break CP to explain this; while we see no evidence that this happens in
our experiments, this is an effect that should grow with energy. As such, it
might have been strong enough in the early universe to account for the
matter/anti-matter asymmetry, while still being weak enough at the
energies our current experiments probe that we couldn't measure it.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Bikerman on 25/11/2008 13:32:57
Interesting summary Chris.
A couple of questions:
1) Presumably what we are looking for is a very tiny parity breaking in chromodynamics at very high energies, which would have allowed a small amount of the original anti-matter to decay? This would have produced a slight imbalance which, after matter-antimatter annihilation, would account for the observable 'matter only' universe. Is that the gist?
2) Is the LHC likely to produce energies sufficient to observe this parity breaking?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 25/11/2008 16:53:42
Apparently the initial assymetry would have needed to be no greater than 1:1 billion.
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Mr. Scientist on 29/12/2008 00:41:18
Greetings


The universe is asymmetrical in that of it consists almost completely of normal mass, matter and energy. "This is lucky for us" as Symmetrical universe of equal amounts of matter and antimatter would have resulted in a universe of pure energy of Gama rays, no planets, stars, galaxies, just radiant energy.

The big bang theory suggests that equal amounts of matter and antimatter should have been created at this event. But this did not happen

Why??

Alan


It was only a second exactly after big bang that the universe began flooding with particles - and after 300 million years, a multitude of stars exploded, forming the planets and new stars, creating the superspiral galaxies we can observe to this day. However, a problem arises - it is 'the' quintessential paradox concerning the creation of matter.

   Planets, stars, even entire galaxies should not even be here! When ordinary matter came out of spacetime, an equal amount of 'antimatter' should have formed in proportion. Antimatter is the mirror image of ordinary matter, but with opposite properties in their electrical charge. Because of this unique difference, whenever antimatter comes into contact with ordinary matter, the annihilate each other in a catastrophic burst of energy (the kind of energy or gamma rays everything originated from) - they would explode, strangely enough, with twice as much energy as the particles contained.

   When an antiparticle comes into contact with a normal particle they produce two deadly photons. The reason why two photons are the result is that for antiparticles have no net momentum, while a single photon will always have momentum. Conservation laws thus say that two photons must be created with zero-net momentum.

   Paul A. M. Dirac discovered the existence of antimatter, purely by mathematical reasoning. He found that whenever a particle pops into existence, let's say, by simply adding enough energy into the vacuum of space, it will force the virtual particle to be real and as it emerges into real space, it leaves behind a hole - this too is a particle - its antipartner. He got a Nobel Prize for his discovery...

   Thus when all matter and antimatter formed, they should have eliminated each other, leaving behind a universe with nothing but a brilliant glow of gamma radiation. Yet, reality proves this is not the case. Truth is, we haven't got a substantial amount of antimatter in our universe. However, it is thought there will be entire 'antigalaxies', with 'antistars' and 'antiplanets' that have never came into contact with normal matter.

   There is undeniably more matter than antimatter - but this seems like a contradictory statement, especially when both types of matter had to be created in equal proportion. No one is sure how this can be possible - however, some physicists say that the excess matter survived annihilation because their antipartners are not their complete opposites. This was first discovered in the 1964 by physicists James Cronin and Val Vitch, who won a Nobel Prize on the work done on the particle called the 'Kaon.'

   Physicists now believe that the Kaon lives longer than the 'Antikaon.' This differential life expectancy might answer why there appears to be a lot more matter than antimatter; hence, disturbances in what we call symmetrical fundamental interactions may answer to why there is more of the good stuff, than the antistuff :)
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 02/01/2009 11:45:09
It's a little complicated: Anti-matter certainly exists, and for every type of
particle there is a corresponding anti-particle. For many years it was thought
that particles acted just like anti-particles, thus leading to the puzzle of why
we seem to see mostly matter. In the early 60's it was discovered -- at around
the same time -- that both charge conjugation symmetry ( particles are equivalent to
anti-particles ) and parity symmetry ( our world and mirror image world look the same)
are not respected. However, for a few more years it was though that the combined symmetry
(CP) was respected. I this were true then for every particle you would have
an anti-particle of opposite parity, so still we would expect equal amounts of matter
and anti-matter.

In the late 60's Cronin and Fitch (who won the Nobel prize in 1980 for this) discovered
that CP was not conserved when studying the decay/oscillation of a kaon to an anti-kaon.
Such CP-violation is now part of the Standard Model of particle physics. Within the
standard model this CP-violation is controlled by a single parameter. The aforementioned
attempts to study CP-violation on the b-meson system are not an attempt to discover
CP-violation (been there, done that), but to get another extraction of this parameter.
If it agrees with that from the kaon system (does so far), then the Standard Model
looks good, it if differs (let's hope) then we have a handle to move beyond the
standard model. 

That being said: The Standard Model does lead to matter/anti-matter asymmetry,
but, as observed, this effect comes entirely from the weak force and
is *tiny*; certainly not enough to naively explain the asymmetry we see.
However, this asymmetry could have been seeded in the early universe where
the rules are very different than we see now. For example, there are several
theories that use the fact that QCD (so the strong, not the weak force) can
break CP to explain this; while we see no evidence that this happens in
our experiments, this is an effect that should grow with energy. As such, it
might have been strong enough in the early universe to account for the
matter/anti-matter asymmetry, while still being weak enough at the
energies our current experiments probe that we couldn't measure it.


Chrisdsn I read your explanation again but got stuck on this
"Within the standard model this CP-violation is controlled by a single parameter.
The aforementioned attempts to study CP-violation on the b-meson system are not an attempt to discover
CP-violation (been there, done that), but to get another extraction of this parameter. "

I thought that those CP-violations was something not foreseen in the standard model?
Also I would like to say thanks for a very nice explanation, otherwise;)
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 02/01/2009 11:57:47
Just another thought about anti-gravity...

If anti-gravity acts as a repulsive force, will this have the opposite effect to time dilation?  That is, the rate of time is highest for an infinitely distant observer where the gravitational field is infinitely small and this could be considered to be the base-line rate of time.  The actual rate of time in the universe will always be lower than the base-line rate of time because the gravitational field everywhere in the observable universe is greater than infinitely small.  However, if anti-gravity increases the rate of time, then as one approached an anti-matter black hole, time would pass more quickly and you'd start getting some very weird energy results.

I knew there was something bugging me about that and it's just clicked.

Gravitational time dilation is due to the curvature of spacetime. The greater the curvature, the greater the dilation. Gravity produces that curvature. So antigravity would produce anticurvature. And what is anti-curvature? It's flat. In flat spacetime there is no time dilation.

HA... get out of that 1!



Rather nice DB:)

If we looked at time from the 'side' of mass for a moment.
And said that 'mass' is what creates our 'space' and ?
Time too?

And that acceleration also creates the 'effect' of mass.
:)

We would have mass and acceleration?
Wouldn't we.

but why acceleration? as in this 'game', 'mass' is what would create what we see as space and time.
Acceleration would then be something happening inside our 'protected area'.
Created by that 'mass'.

Hey, it's you 'winding me up' here:)

Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 02/01/2009 12:02:47
You know Guys,
I started this thread and maybe (don't retract back in horror an disbelief) it is because God made it that way

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 02/01/2009 12:03:56
You know Guys,
I started this thread and maybe (don't retract back in horror an disbelief) it is because God made it that way

Alan

Well why did he make it so dangerous?
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Mr. Scientist on 02/01/2009 12:12:19
God is a child on an ant hill with a magnifying glass
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: yor_on on 02/01/2009 12:14:12
Awh it's like walking that line.
You know:)

At the Circus..

'Gravity'
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: Alan McDougall on 02/01/2009 12:45:44
Doctor Beaver,

Quote
Well why did he make it so dangerous?

Well maybe for fun , like bungee jumping, , he has us all in a glass container, and manipulates us. We are just an experiment and it his way of getting his equivalent of an adrenaline high.

We go hunting , why not he.  [;)]  [???]  [;D]

Could I do a better job?, yes I would make a universe of never ending peace. But heck that would be boooooring

Alan
Title: Why is the universe asymmetrical
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 02/01/2009 12:55:14
So you're suggesting God is an adrenaline junkie? That would please the Pope!