Naked Science Forum
Non Life Sciences => Chemistry => Topic started by: Quantum_Vaccuum on 03/10/2007 03:53:22
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What elements have the longest, or the shortest half life?
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nvm problm solved: I finally found the element with longest half life, as stated in my element book," Uranium is the last and heaviest of the natural elements" (203). "its half-life of 4.6 billion years makes it the longest-lived of all isotopes. A long half-life means that an isotope is less active, and that fewer of tis atomic nuclei disintegrate in any given period. Uranium-235 has a half-life of 700 million years, while uranium-234 has a half-life of only 25 million years" (203).
Therefore i was correct, and Uranium does have the largest half life, but not uranium-235 as I suspected t first.
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Here are a few others
Strontium-90 - 28 years
Caesium-137 - 30 years
Plutonium-239 - 24,000 years
Caesium-135 - 2.3 million years
Iodine-129 - 15.7 million years
I'm trying to find the 1 with the shortest half life. Wouldn't it be 1 of the trans-uranic elements?
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What elements have the longest, or the shortest half life?
(What I think is) the longest: Hydrogen 1H > 1030 years
The shortest I've found: Darmstadtium 267Ds = 3*10-6 seconds
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I read in my element book that Uranium is the longest, and wouldn't one of the man-made elements like Uuq be the shortest life elelment?
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I read in my element book that Uranium is the longest, and wouldn't one of the man-made elements like Uuq be the shortest life elelment?
About the shortest half life, you should be right, since wikipedia says, about UUq isotopes:
So far, all three that have been made have undergone spontaneous fission in the first .0012 milliseconds
That corresponds to 1.2*10-6 seconds.
About the longest half life, in your first post you asked:
What elements have the longest, or the shortest half life?
You didn't write: "..among radioactive elements"
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i know, uranium still has the most overall, according to my book, but that may be a bit out of date.
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i know, uranium still has the most overall, according to my book, but that may be a bit out of date.
Your book will certainly report the stability of radioactive isotopes, not of every isotope; the non-radioactives are considered as stable, but it's not completelly true, since even a proton is expected to decay (after more than 1030 years, however!)
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http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/17319
Also one of the vanadium isotopes has a half life of about 10^17 years so uranium's nowhere near the longest.
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i know, uranium still has the most overall, according to my book, but that may be a bit out of date.
Your book will certainly report the stability of radioactive isotopes, not of every isotope; the non-radioactives are considered as stable, but it's not completelly true, since even a proton is expected to decay (after more than 1030 years, however!)
Hang on... isn't that true only according to Georgi & Glashow's Unified Theory? And even then, they arrived at their conclusion by extrapolating to energy levels thousands of times greater than we can currently manage.
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i know, uranium still has the most overall, according to my book, but that may be a bit out of date.
Your book will certainly report the stability of radioactive isotopes, not of every isotope; the non-radioactives are considered as stable, but it's not completelly true, since even a proton is expected to decay (after more than 1030 years, however!)
Hang on... isn't that true only according to Georgi & Glashow's Unified Theory?
Yes; an entire class of GUTs, however, not only one of them:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_decay
And even then, they arrived at their conclusion by extrapolating to energy levels thousands of times greater than we can currently manage.
Yes.
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If we are talking about experimentally verified decay processes I thing 209Bi wins. If we are talking about theoretical matters the I think the administratium* nucleus has the longest half life. It has to outlive the proton to make sure that the proton decay is properly documented and thet the apropriate bills are sent out.
*
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administratium
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128Te has the longest known half-life, 2.2×1024 years (approx. 2.2 sextillion years)
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That must have been tricky to measure- it's getting "close"* to the predicted half life for the proton.
* "close" in this context means within a factor of a million or so.
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Copernicium 285 has the shortest half life, which is 5*10^-19 seconds. Longest is definitely uranium 238, over a billion years.
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I wonder what the half life of this thread is.
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I wonder what the half life of this thread is.
Apparently not long enough for Science Freak 01 to read it and find out that there are lots of things with much longer half lives than uranium.
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Given that the original question was about ELEMENT and not ISOTOPE, then thorium, element 90. lasts about 3 times longer than uranium, element 92.
It would have some claim. There would be no excuse for a textbook published at any time in the 20th century to cite uranium as the longest lived natural element; Thorium is 3 times more abundant in the Earth's crust, and 3 times longer-lived.
It has recently (2006) been found that the "stable" isotope of bismuth, element 83, isotope 209, is actually radioactive, with a half life greater than 10^19 years.
Bismuth is probably the best answer in terms of present knowledge and understandings. Check out http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_bismuth (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_bismuth)
IF the proton itself is unstable (and that is far from universally accepted, then I would suspect that every other nucleus with the possible exception of Helium-4 is also unstable as a consequence, but I do not know that this is the case. Perhaps a physicist well-versed on this theory could help us out here.
Which element has the shortest half-life is really an undecidable question. It boils down to the question of at what point will scientists accept that a new element has actually been created, and at what point will they prefer other explanations of phenomena occurring over minute time intervals. There is no natural criterion.
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I am pretty sure that xenon 124 has the longest half-life with 18 billion trillion years or 18 times 10 to the power of 21.
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We've been on the edge of our seats for almost 12 years waiting for that reply.... :)
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xenon 124
I assume that Xenon has been studied quite extensively, since it is at the heart of some Dark Matter experiments.
- Increasingly large vats of liquid xenon studded with photomultiplier tubes have been studied carefully to find the tiniest glimmer of the merest brush with a hypothetical Dark Matter particle.
- The largest current experiment at Gran Sasso in Italy has over 3 tonnes of liquid Xenon, and larger ones are planned
- The decay of Xenon would be one form of "false positive" that they would need to detect (and find some way to distinguish from a potential Dark Matter particle).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XENON
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From the link provided by Bored Chemist:
Bureaucratium. A commonly heard description describes it as "having a negative half-life". In other words, the more time passes, the more massive "Bureaucratium" becomes; it only grows larger and more sluggish.
I guess a negative half-life beats a half-life of 10-6 seconds?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administratium