1

COVID-19 / can i have a full run down on spike protiens please?

« on: 17/03/2023 21:46:02 »

ive been trying to learn about spike protiens but every site or video seems to give conflicting information. so id like to see if i can learn it here. from my research i dont think they are specific to covid, but i ask here because they have only really been discussed in the last 3 years.
i will try to summarise questions....
1, what are spike protiens, 2, are they god/bad/neutral. 3, how are they made,4, do they occur naturally. where. 5, if they are bad, how do we get rid of them, 6, anything else you may think of.

thankyou

2

Technology / Re: Bernoulli's principle

« on: 04/09/2022 10:28:29 »

If they are travelling at 100 m/s and one passes every second, they must be 100 m apart.

are you saying that if a fluid is moving faster, its particles become further apart?

3

Technology / Re: Bernoulli's principle

« on: 04/09/2022 10:26:22 »

i thought i would break it up into mini subjects.

The interesting one is this
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coand%C4%83_effect

this was going to be my next thread

4

Technology / Bernoulli's principle

« on: 04/09/2022 00:40:35 »

i decided i want to try to "understand" how a plane can fly. if thats even possible for a layman like me. so ive been watching a bunch of videos, but still so many questions. and you cant ask a video anything.
so, i thought i would try here.
because this is essentially a tricky subject, i thought i would break it up into mini subjects.
so the first subject is Bernoulli's principle.
now i know this is not the whole picture of why a plane can fly, but it is some of the picture.
so, first up i thought it better to try to understand this.

so, as i understand, Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in a fluids speed lowers its pressure.
this thing i cant find on any YT vid is the 'why'?
what is happening on an microscopic scale?

even though my end goal is to try to understand flight, for the sake of simplicity, we should try to keep it to Bernoulli's principle as much as possible, i will make a new thread later for the next part.

try to keep answers in simple language. (im a laymen). but detailed.

thankyou

5

General Science / What caused rope to spin while pulling stuff 6 stories up?

« on: 03/07/2022 18:26:43 »

i was on a construction site. i had a rope/pulley on a 6 story building and i was pulling up scaffold pieces. a few of us was at this for about a week. we noticed that the rope/hook end always spins. so the scaffold piece was spinning as it was going up.

any idea what causes this? is it the Coriolis effect, or just human "error". since the scaffold piece was twisting, why doesnt the rope twist up?

the rope was new. it made no difference who pulled the rope. rope length is 6 stories up, then 6 stories back down. so total about 36 meters. from the underneath side looking up, the scaffold spun clockwise.

after being at this for days and pulling up more than 1000 scaffold pieces, the rope was showing no signs if twist in it.

hope this makes sense. we were curious as to why it spun.

TIA.

6

COVID-19 / Re: what causes the extreme tiredness of virus infections

« on: 24/01/2022 04:32:43 »

but not so good at noticing that it doesn't have enough oxygen

so, the tiredness is from lack of oxygen?
so, person is breathing. seems like he is breathing normally, however not enough oxygen is getting in?

7

COVID-19 / Re: what causes the extreme tiredness of virus infections

« on: 23/01/2022 22:33:06 »

- This cluster of symptoms often include tiredness, headache, running nose, fever and aching muscles.

but can interferon cause only tiredness?

8

COVID-19 / Re: what causes the extreme tiredness of virus infections

« on: 23/01/2022 22:26:30 »

Another important aspect of covid that can cause fatigue is reduced oxygen supply. the virus can infect/inflame/damage the lungs, and reduce how much oxygen is available. Even a slight decrease can have major implications on energy availability.

wouldnt this mean that the patient have trouble breathing?

9

COVID-19 / what causes the extreme tiredness of virus infections

« on: 23/01/2022 19:24:18 »

i was chatting to someone about the tiredness symptoms of covid. then i became curious.   
generally when people have the flu, they can feel tired. i always thought this is because the immune system is working overtime. this however results in other symptoms too, like high temp.
however with covid people can have extreme tiredness with no other symptom at all.
do we know what is going on biologically that causes extreme tiredness (especially that comes and goes) without any other symptom at all?

10

Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology / documentaries about dark matter and dark energy.

« on: 07/08/2021 05:24:11 »

i sometime watch you tube vids about dark matter and dark energy. and there seems to be a few points that never quite seem to come to light in these vids. so would like others input.

first., it seems to me that there is a bit of disagreement about whether dark energy and matter even exist or not. some people suggest that it is proven they do exist, while other people say they some observations suggest otherwise.

second.
why is the search for dark matter and energy always "in outer space"? do they ever search for it closer to home? if not, why not.? like, if dark matter is everywhere, wouldnt it then also be right in front of me, so why would i look for it a Quintilian miles away when i could look right in front of me.

11

Physiology & Medicine / what was the first mrna vaccine?

« on: 21/07/2021 01:53:20 »

i got reading about history of vaccines, and learned that we seem to be at a new age of vaccine manufacturing. now using mrna vaccines.
im curios, is covid the first of this type of vaccine, or have there been other vaccines made via mrna?

12

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 12/07/2021 08:47:49 »

of course, no way to know that. but curious what difference it would make? is that webpage pure gospel?  what it says it 100% accurate and there is zero possibility that there could ever be anything doesnt  fit the parameters of that webpage?

13

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 12/07/2021 08:07:33 »

even though the spider was correctly identified , and both the guys gp, and skin specialist both said the spider seems to be the only explanation for the guys bad arm?

14

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 11/07/2021 20:07:47 »

are you saying that if something is rare, it is therefore impossible?

15

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 11/07/2021 12:00:34 »

sure, as a general rule of thumb i agree with you. many times its an incorrect spider etc. but there are times where this does indeed happen.
the guy i worked with, was bit on the hand. he caught the spider and had it identified as a whitetail. he saw a skin specialist for 10 years after that to clear up the "whatever you call it".

16

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 11/07/2021 11:40:17 »

[/quote]
You didn't read the  web page, did you?
 https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2003/179/4/white-tail-spider-bite-prospective-study-130-definite-bites-lampona-species
[/quote]


yep, and thats exactly my point.


"Considerable work has been done on the venom of white-tail spiders over the past 10 years because of the reports of necrotic ulcers.21,22,23 Study of the cytotoxic effects of the venom showed it has little potential to cause necrosis.21,22 In one study, the venom had little effect on human cell cultures"

in the case of white tail, what studies show differs from what people experience.
there are a few medical anomalies that at the moment science has little or no explanation for.

17

Just Chat! / Re: where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 11/07/2021 07:53:10 »

yep, thats basically it about the spider. i personally know 2 people who were bit.
1 guy was bit on the hand, even 5 years later his arm looked as though it had just had boiling oil thrown on it., yet there is no scientific reason (that has been found) that explains this.

18

Just Chat! / where are the pseudoscience studies?

« on: 10/07/2021 23:57:11 »

i wasnt sure what to name this thread.
i was reading on another science forum about people who claim to be able to feel xrays (leg, hip dentist etc). and their possible explanations.
this got me thinking about all the things that some humans experience, that doesnt fit into the scientific norm, or is just on the edge.
things like,,,,
#we can sense when someone is looking at us
# some identical twins that are separated can sense what is happening to the other twin
#we know what song will come on the radio next
# gut feeling. (i think called hunch in some countries)
# whitetail spider
#some people affect electronic things.

you get the idea. ( i know some of my examples here are already fully explainable by science, i was simply trying to portray my though as to what im looking for)

my question is, i like reading and watching various studies on this type of thing. and while i have read and watched many, i would like to find more.
is there any specific place that lists them? so i can just go through them systematically.

19

Plant Sciences, Zoology & Evolution / Re: How does the intelligence of pet dogs compare to other animals?

« on: 10/07/2021 21:03:13 »

i remember once reading about the pig being more intelligent than the dog, and the researcher explained it kinda like this.
if a dog is carrying a stick in its mouth, and then i tries to get through the door, the stick is too big and the dog needs to turn its head to maneuver the stick. however the dog needed to, 1, first see that it couldnt go, 2 learn that the reason it couldnt go was because of the stick in its mouth, 3, learn that tilting its head changed to stick size in relation to door, 4 how do i need to tilt my head to get through the door...........eventually the dog learned this.
however, if a pig was interested in picking up sticks, it would start off at step 4, skipping the first 3 steps.

20

Plant Sciences, Zoology & Evolution / Re: is there any studies or evidence to show that animals could have belief?

« on: 09/07/2021 02:10:24 »

well. a lot to digest here. first i would like to express my thanks for the logical detailed responses. i have actually been trying this topic on reddit for about 6 weeks now, but the mods kept deleting it. (wont allow this subject). so i am glad to be getting replies like this.

evan_au,      you say that robots will develop beliefs too. i have trouble imagining that, but i guess plausible.
the problem i have is it is so hard to say is there a line between belief and calculation. (for robots and for biology)

if i may, i will explain what i mean in relation to terminator, because its something that 99% of the population could relate to.
 terminators programming will have things like jumping in front of a truck may or will result in damage. shooting at the policman for little reason may result in 10 policeman shooting back. potential for damage. however a fast cpu could be calculating the risks for how much potential damage verse how much is achieved, hence why he could storm the cop shop in T1. he can calculate that there is low chance of those weapons hurting him.
is this a belief? or a calculation?
if he was chasing sarah conner, and she ran across a glass roof strong enough to support her, would he chase? what if there was lava under the glass? would that change his plan to perhaps go another way. what if the lava is only 1 foot thick, and he doesnt see another way.?
so he runs across, the glass breaks and by the time he gets out of the lava, he is 1 foot shorter, running on stumps.
does he believe his legs are gone, or is this a calculation?
this concept has no end to it?
does the cpu in your car believe that its driving the car, or does it know it?

as i said last post, getting into philosophy.




alancalverd.....
i know what you mean about the dog. i had this same discussion with my friend.
however, is this actually a belief? (so much philosophy here it hurts my brain).
the dog may believe the rabbit is in that hole, does a mozzie believe my blood tastes better than yours? does a microbe believe its food is that way? hard to say where the line is?
does the dog believe its tail is part of it, or something else?
how about a dog that chew on their own leg until its bleeding, thinking its a bone?

this could go further.
do i believe that i have 2 arms and 2 legs? or is it a fact?



halc..
self preservation may not be belief though, it may be just a result of numerous biological processes whos need is for self replication.
germs self replicate, however they probably dont know that they are doing it. but there is still the inbuilt biomechanical need to. do ants realize they are self replicating? if they dont, why build a house that helps them do this?
again, the line is so fuzzy, it hurts my brain.