1

Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology / Re: Is time dilation caused just by relative motion(not acceleration)?

« on: 05/04/2024 08:43:26 »

You could try this one geordief

https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_relativity_gravity.html

" Einstein's ground-breaking realization (which he called 'the happiest thought of my life') was that gravity is in reality not a force at all, but is indistinguishable from, and in fact the same thing as, acceleration, an idea he called the "principle of equivalence". "

2

Just Chat! / Re: My History.

« on: 04/04/2024 12:26:41 »

Thanks, Zer0 . I just saw your post now.

I think this is probably the last I will post to this thread. But I was going to add about that boy from GS (who will remain nameless of course). I guess he was trying make an issue of the fact I was gay in the 8th grade as I said. It seems obvious I think. I had no problem being gay by the 8th grade. Neither did my mother. Our principal Sr. S seemed to have no problem with it. But this boy told us he was dating another girl from the GS, from the same grade of course, the year before. Before that too, IIRC. There's nothing wrong with being gay. But dating someone at age 11 or 12. That sounds kind of odd to me. Or maybe not. I just bring that up because where I live, everyone seems to think they're an armchair psychologist.

Also, even in the 8th grade, the teachers noticed I was attracted to men's legs. In English class once in the 8th, for example. I also liked this ancient Greek statue with an extended his leg. This was c. 6th grade, and I remember the teacher seemed to notice. Because a doctor told me a couple of years ago legs are usually a fertility thing. IOW, I subconsciously wanted to have their baby. And they would have know that even back then. How odd. As I said, they told me my problems were solely with passing notes, not sexual. But the gay thing obviously had something to do with it all.

3

New Theories / Re: String theory, superstring theory, extra dimensions as exuberant speculations

« on: 03/04/2024 14:49:48 »

Multidimensionality as a Hypothetical seems Legit.

The point is that multidimensionality is speculation divorced from reasonably understood reality. And you could say it's bullshit.

String Theory

The point is that string theory is bullshit.

Btw, what is MicroBlisters?

should be microbubbles

4

Just Chat! / Re: Can an interest in space exploration lead to a greater interest in science?

« on: 02/04/2024 00:41:02 »

Hi  and welcome.

    A lot of us are cautious over first posts because there are a lot of instances where things just become advertising.
However, your post looks interesting and looks like you've put some time into it rather than just copying some text from somewhere.

Can the space program help inspire people to become supportive of other science or has the evolution of my beliefs been due to other things besides the revival of the space program and a TV show?

    Obviously, I don't know what caused your interest in science better than you would know yourself.
A lot of people are interested in space and the science fiction genre for books and TV shows usually attracts a big audience.   I'm reasonably certain this stirs some interest in science among many people quite often.

Looking back I am embarrassed.....

   It's less important what you did some years ago and perfectly fine to acquire or re-acquire an interest in science now.

Best Wishes.

5

Just Chat! / Can an interest in space exploration lead to a greater interest in science?

« on: 01/04/2024 23:10:53 »

I remember thinking space was cool during the Summer before my first year of college but sadly during college that interest largely died out.

I remember during the 2010s during my college years the only thing I cared about were German made cars, nice vacations, and getting a cushy office job. I was obsessed with "Organic Food" from places like "Trader Joe's" and "Whole Foods" because I wanted to give a middle finger to right wing corporations like Walmart.

I viewed "Frat Bros" and professional athletes as the coolest people ever.

Then 2020 happens and during the quarantine of 2020 I check out Apple TV out of boredom as well as curiosity and one show on there awakens something inside of me.

After finishing that season I picked up any book, movie, or TV show about space exploration and astronauts I could find.

I end up experiencing movies like "First Man", "The Right Stuff", "Hidden Figures", "Gravity", "Interstellar", and "The Martian" for the first time.

I wish I could have experienced these movies earlier but sadly back then only Marvel and Star Wars interested me.

Also the history of space became much more interesting as I dug deeper. I didn't know Apollo 1 was a disaster that killed the whole crew. I didn't know Neil Armstrong and David Scott almost died on Gemini 8. I didn't know Apollo 12 was struck by lightning. I didn't know the Soviet Union tried to develop a rocket to put people on the Moon but exploded on every test flight called the N1.

Perhaps if people knew this there would be far less people who believed the Moon landings didn't happen.

I was on the West Coast when the heatwaves happened and I went from not caring about climate change to thinking about it more often.

Can the space program help inspire people to become supportive of other science or has the evolution of my beliefs been due to other things besides the revival of the space program and a TV show?

It also helped that the news source I was following for space also covered other science.
https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/03/as-kenyas-crops-fail-a-fight-over-gmo-rages/

Now I have became very supportive of "GMOs" and nuclear power.

I also think astronauts, scientists, and engineers are the coolest people.

Looking back I am embarrassed that I became so vapid.

6

New Theories / Re: How does light propagate? By what means does light get from Point A To Point B?

« on: 01/04/2024 17:24:42 »

Hi.

Some minor questions from @Zer0  seem to have been missed.

Please do Allow a few randomly absurd thoughts...

   I'll assume you want short replies.

Can " Space " bend over itself?

    I'm not sure what you were asking.    Here are 2 possibilities:
1.     Can space act to bend space?   Space isn't as empty as you might think,  there is always vaccum energy in every cubic metre of space.    All energy contributes to gravitation (the curvature of spacetime).   So space will bend spacetime and some of that curvature will be purely in the spatial part of spacetime,   so we could reasonably say "yes, space can bend space".  Indeed "vaccum energy" is an important component in modern cosmological models.
2.      Can space roll up like a carpet or fold over itself somehow?    It's best that you don't think of space as some 2-dimensional rubber sheet that curves in 3-dimensional space,   so that whatever image you have of space bending over itself, it probably isn't like that.   Black Holes are an example of a region where curvature becomes extremely degenerate as you approach the singularity.   You might declare this as a region where space has folded over on itself but you'd need to be working in higher dimensional flat space to "see" that.
     String theory sometimes considers the existence of additional dimensions that are described as being tightly rolled up and generally go un-noticed.  However, this isn't really a consequence of space doing anything to roll these other dimensions up,  they just are tightly curled up for some reason.

Can ' Relativistic mass ' not produce a similar, but not the same, effect such as Gravity?

     Yes and it essentially does produce a gravitational effect broadly equivalent to having more mass.
    1.   We don't really use "relativistic mass", it's an old term and discouraged - but we don't need to, we capture the important information about the movement in other ways.
    2.   In GR various things are sources of gravitation.   Sources of gravitation are all the forms of stress-energy that exist and all this information appears in the stress-energy tensor.   So, mass is certainly a source of gravitation but so is energy, momentum and pressure.    So a moving particle contributes a lot more to gravitation (the curvature of spacetime) then a stationary particle.    A moving particle has mass, kinetic energy and momentum.   It can also elevate the pressure that exists in a region of space  (e.g. a gas has pressure due to the movement of particles in it).    Overall, the curvature of spacetime will be more significant when a moving particle is in that region than when a stationary particle is in that region.   
     If you have Newton's ideas of gravity in the back of your mind then it is broadly equivalent to a moving particle acting as a source of gravity according to its relativistic mass rather than its rest mass.   (Why only "broadly equivalent"?  At relativistic speeds, where relativistic mass would be significantly different to rest mass, we'd be better off abandoning Newtonian mechanics and Newtonian gravity entirely and using General Relativity.   Patching up Newtonian gravity with relativistic mass is only going to be a rough or crude adjustment you could make).

Could the ' Higgs field ' twist, tangle, entangle in on itself?

   I don't know.   The Higgs field isn't an ordinary physical thing and I don't suppose it's very useful to think of it as a thing that can twist and tangle in any ordinary sense.   However, such terminology may exist in some very specialised models and areas of Physics that I haven't seen.

Best Wishes.

7

New Theories / Re: If there was one Big Bang event, why not multiple big bangs?

« on: 01/04/2024 03:05:46 »

Zero, in the ISU cosmology, there is just one universe, it is infinite, it has always existed, and it has always hosted life forms here and there.


260814,
267960,

8

Just Chat! / Re: My History.

« on: 30/03/2024 15:01:26 »

Hi.

You also have my sympathy and I'm sure the same applies from a great many people.

"Your history" isn't just a collection of medical things that may have happened to you.  You won't be judged (or shouldn't be judged) on your medical history.   You've been involved in several discussions here.   I would have thought you're welcome to continue asking questions or join discussions in this website.

Best Wishes.

9

New Theories / Re: Universal Utopia? What's The Universal Terminal Goal?

« on: 29/03/2024 12:38:54 »

Avoiding imprisonment, torture and murder does not equate, in my book, to consent. And thanks to religion and local corruption, the Indian electorate is too busy attacking itself to be concerned with the minutiae of government expenditure.

In democratic countries, consent can be expressed in votes.

If something is important enough, you'll do it anyway, even if it's hard, risky, or expensive.

10

Just Chat! / Re: My History.

« on: 28/03/2024 15:12:15 »

Your biggest problem seems to be living with a medical system that takes 40 years to diagnose cerebral palsy in a man who has

had a weird way of walking all my life. And weakness, in all four limbs.

Sympathy, my friend, and a curse on all the teachers and health visitors who never questioned it.

11

New Theories / Re: How does light propagate? By what means does light get from Point A To Point B?

« on: 28/03/2024 05:53:25 »

@McQueen
Please do Allow a few randomly absurd thoughts...
Can " Space " bend over itself?
Could the ' Higgs field ' twist, tangle, entangle in on itself?
Can ' Relativistic mass ' not produce a similar, but not the same, effect such as Gravity?

                     Wonderful thoughts, and as such scope for discussion certainly does exist. Unfortunately, if an argument lacks structure, it turns out to be an exercise in futility, like hypothesising on how many sugars the mad hatter had in his tea.
 
                   Take for instance, the detection of ′gravity′ waves by LIGO. Ligo is a two billion dollar plus experiment that is being replicated all over the world, from Italy to India and China. The sensitivity of LIGO has to be something on the order of one ten thousandth the width of a proton or 10^-20 m approx. in order to detect gravity waves.  Taking as a very approximate value the fact that the force generated by a man weighing 100 Kg taking a single step in a place 1000 km distant from ligo, would generate a signal of  981 N / (10^6)^2 = 10^-10 N. Or a signal that is 10^10 times greater than the signal needed to detect gravitational waves, one realises has staggering implications.

                   This raises several problems. How is it possible to distinguish between the myriad (vast understatement) of different types of signal? The only possible answer that makes any sense at all is that Hal must do it, or to put it in other words. The calculations are all done by computer. But how accurate are these computer calculations, when does the computer decide that a signal isolated from the trillions and trillions of different signals, is the one signal denoting gravity? Surely the very noise generated inside the circuits of LIGo should swamp any credible signal? A very dodgy situation. If similar criteria are used to determine the higgs boson and other hard to detect particles, where does this leave science. Even what should be experiments that yield empirical results are more or less hypothetical. 

                     

12

New Theories / Re: How does light propagate? By what means does light get from Point A To Point B?

« on: 27/03/2024 18:13:43 »

Except it doesn't explain the interaction of light with materials. Photography, photoelectricity.....all require a particle model, and at very low intensities you can even count the photons!

13

New Theories / Re: Universal Utopia? What's The Universal Terminal Goal?

« on: 27/03/2024 09:19:22 »

Avoiding imprisonment, torture and murder does not equate, in my book, to consent. And thanks to religion and local corruption, the Indian electorate is too busy attacking itself to be concerned with the minutiae of government expenditure.

The problem with vanity projects is that large opposition parties (where they exist)  aspire to basking in their success if they get elected before completion!

14

General Science / Re: What is the GPS of the highest point of BIG BEN using 3 percengates: (%, %, %) ?

« on: 22/03/2024 10:37:43 »

And in the same citie, some of the digits will be static and for that matter could be supressed if you know what you were talking about.

You can do that for the whole world by using height above sea level.

The Elizabeth Tower which houses Big Ben is 96 metres tall.
Since it starts pretty close to the Thames, the top is close to 96 metres above sea level.

Big Ben, in the belfry of the tower, is about 66 metres above sea level. It's 2.9 metres from top to bottom.

Also, that is why this is better, you can reference any point in the total volumetric area of the planet using 3 values.

Virtually none of which would be any use.

I have a related, but similar suggestion.
Rather than a percentage of the Earth's radius, we use a unit based on the circumference.
In particular, we could use 1/100,000,000 of the length of the quadrant through Paris.
That would, rather conveniently, be the metre.

15

Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology / Re: Why do the Earth's satellites orbit longer than the Moon's?

« on: 21/03/2024 23:45:48 »

Why don't Janus and Epimetheus form a double satellite?

This was seemingly never answered. They don't form a double satellite because each is moving at a speed larger than the escape velocity of the other. So when they approach each other, in the frame of their mutual center of gravity, they each pass the other in a sort of hyperbolic path. In the frame of Saturn, this results in a horseshoe orbit, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_orbit because each moon travels in a horseshoe path relative to the rotating frame of the line between the primary (Saturn) and the other moon.

There are several objects in a horseshoe relationship with Earth. They're in orbit about the sun, but in Earth's orbital path. Each object travels faster than Earth as it orbits the sun until it catches up to Earth from the other side, at which point it reverses its progression and lags Earth until Earth catches up from the other direction. Those two moons around Saturn are doing the same thing.

16

Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology / Re: Why do the Earth's satellites orbit longer than the Moon's?

« on: 21/03/2024 23:29:10 »

Hi.

planetary satellites do not have satellites

    There are many moons around Saturn  (146 according to the NASA website today - but new bodies get identified often).   Of those some were thought to be moons that were in a fairly stable orbit around other another moon - but carefull examinations seem to have shown they weren't.     (Reference:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsatellite    under discussion of "possible natural instances" of sub-satellites).
     None-the-less  there are so many things up there around Saturn that some moon will have some other body that will orbit it,  even if that sub-satellite isn't much bigger than a dust particle.

    This article  ("Can a moon have a moon?",   BBC sky at night magazine),   https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/space-science/can-moon-have-moon       also discusses the issue.    Their main conclusion was:.......

    ....the moons probably don?t have a large enough gravitational field to control the motions of a smaller object and compel it into orbit.   The planet would likely still be the controlling influence and create an unstable orbit. So the answer is probably no: planetary moons cannot have natural satellites.

    In general, it is known that the mechanics of a gravitational 2-body system will usually result in the formation of a stable orbit of the two bodies around a common barycentre.   However, the 3-body problem is much more complicated.   For example, one of the bodies is often ejected or thrown out of the system over enough time.  It is presumably rare for a moon to retain a sub-satellite in a stable orbit around itself.

Why do asteroids have satellites,

    Many of them stay far enough away from large sources of gravitation (like a planet) that they are effectively only two-body problems,  the asteroid and its satellite.

Best Wishes.

17

New Theories / Re: How does light propagate? By what means does light get from Point A To Point B?

« on: 21/03/2024 02:02:19 »

@McQueen

You are Cordial & Polite.
A Rarity on Science fora.
(very good)

Nowadays, it's mostly seen as a Boxing ring, & laymen used as Punching bags.

Anyways, back to the Topic...
Missing mass!

You not satisfied with the Dark Matter Hypothesis?

Sincere thanks Zero, your comment is greatly appreciated. I do believe in the Dark Matter hypotheses, especially so after looking into how the measurements are calculated: https://www.astronomynotes.com/ismnotes/s7.htm I have hypothecated a substance that Dark Matter might be made of and tried to calculate if it would fit the missing mass, using data from the net such as  the volume of the Milky Way Galaxy, its mass etc., and got surprisingly good answers.

18

New Theories / Re: If there was one Big Bang event, why not multiple big bangs?

« on: 21/03/2024 01:28:05 »

@Bogie

If Universes are bubbles, which collectively make up the Multiverse...

Well, my amateur view is that there is only one universe, but I am willing to discuss any aspect and comment on different points of view ...

What then does one call, or refer to the Space between these Bubbles?

Ok, if there are, in fact, those bubbles you are talking about, obviously the space between them is soapless.
Soapless space ...

I'm sorry to moderators and members, but the thread seems to have become trivial.

MultiSpace!
: )

Ok, I can accept that ...

& all these supposed Bubbles have different timescales of blowing up & going PoP!

MultiTime?
: )

That could make sense ...


So, where I'm at now cosmologically, is that there is one universe, and within that universe there have been and will continue to be multiple big bangs, the bangs will expand spherically and overlap, whereupon big crunches will form in the overlaps, and whereupon those crunches will collapse and bang into expanding patches of matter and energy, intersecting with adjacent expanding bangs, and you get a continuous multiple big bang universe.

258609,258624,

19

New Theories / Re: How does light propagate? By what means does light get from Point A To Point B?

« on: 20/03/2024 04:03:59 »

Do you realize that 2 different gravity models are taught in all universities?

I do realise that there are two models of everything in physics, now-days. Two models of gravity, two models of electromagnetic propagation, two models of radio-waves etc., One model is used for performing calculations and the other for philosophical speculation. All I said was why two models?

20

The Environment / Re: If we used wood for fuel, what % of our energy needs could this supply?

« on: 19/03/2024 21:58:49 »

The population of all the countries I listed totals about 100,000,000and they are probably the only ones where wood burning could be indefinitely sustainable as a source of all artificial energy.

You can estimate 10 MJ/kg as the available energy output from wood burning, about 25% of the energy density of diesel fuel. To sustain a reasonable Western lifestyle you need about 400 MJ per day, say15 tonnes of wood per year. My guess is that there is about 10¹¹ tonnes of live wood on the planet, so you might harvest 5 x 10⁹ tonnes per year with some hope of sustainablity.

There are 8 x 10⁹ humans, so the demand is for 120 x 10⁹ tonnes of wood per annum.

No chance.  But with a bit of scraping and saving, you might just sustain one tenth of the present population at a recognisable (pre-industrial) standard of living by harvesting wood.