0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
There is no limbo energy, there is energy changed into different forms which might have surprising effects. It is not in a different dimension. SLOT is a heuristically derived rule of thumb that would barely be relevant to anything if there were no pockets of low entropy resulting from gravity always being ‘down’, a result of mass-energy always being positive. Even in a state of maximum entropy, there are still statistical fluctuations where things can happen. Energy does not disappear and it can turn up at surprising times. SLOT as a rule of thumb is very useful. SLOT as a universal law only applies to the entire universe.
This lost energy was called entropy.
This lost energy is something more than statistical variations.
Statistical assumptions are misleading since it describes an imaginary world that does not exist.
For example, a six sided dice is manufactured to weigh the same on all side, so it rolls evenly and any side will appear with the same probability. The difference in the sides, has to do wth a facade of dots, 1-6, that have no physical basis or connection to the roll. This is not found in nature.
A hydrogen atom is not designed this way. It is a 5 sided dice with different energy weights on each of the five sides.
statistics will assume all sides of the hydrogen dice are equal.
ever increasing, net lost of energy
In the 1950's statistics reached a cross roads when it was discovered that proteins fold with exact folds.
The answer is water
Think of a six sided dice. It is manufactured to be equally weighed on all sides, with the difference on each side connected to different arbitrary and subjective pictures, such as the number of dots. Cards are similar in the sense that each card has the same weight and size, while the potential between different cards is based on subjective pictures and the rules of the game you play. We use imaginary things and claim their activity are the foundation behind natural processes? Card and dice appeared long before science.
In the 1950's statistics reached a cross roads when it was discovered that proteins fold with exact folds. Previously, it was assumed that the thermal vibrations in the water would lead to average folds in protein. However, observational data showed that protein were not subject to as much entropy, as had been assumed by statistics. Even after 60 years there is still no good statistical explanation for this. Life is not about cards and dice but it continues to be modeled that way. Gambling was too addictive to stop. The repeatable and perfect packing of protein, each time, implies that something is causing the entropy to lower or remain lower. It is like throwing a dice 1000 times and the same sides keep coming up. The question is, what is loading the dice? The answer is water and the analogy is the [b water and oil affect[/b]. If we mix water and olive oil and shake, we get an emulsion that might be defined by statistics. It is high in entropy due to the energy we added by shaking. If we let it settle, the odds start to change, bubble get larger and large, until we get only two layers. Order can form from chaos. This same water and oil affect is common to life, allowing life to cheat at cards. Water is not welcome at the science casinos since it can count cards.
Life forms all types of structures with lower entropy, than is predicted by statistics. Instead of proteins folding into an average distribution of shapes, which would be a more complex state; higher entropy, it folds into one specific way each time. There is an entropic potential created, relative to the statistical assumptions. Life makes use of this structural entropic potential to help drive chemical reactions. The reactive site becomes a way to increase entropy for the entire configuration. However, this can never satisfy all the needs of statistics, since water repacks the protein back to step one and resets the potential.
Another example of nature controlling statistics, is the observation of a quantum universe. For example, the hydrogen atom has five quantized energy levels. There is not a random distribution of infinite energy levels but rather there is a specific limit and configuration. Like the packing of protein, only specific things are allowed.
This controlling of entropy is used to save time. In other words, if we need A and B to react before we can move to the next step, by limiting the options; only certain quanta, things can happen faster. Higher states can appear sooner since you do not have to cycle through as many things. There is more than one form of entropy. Statistics appear to express one type, but not the other type, implicit of the speed toward higher states made possible by a quantum universe.
The Uncertainty principle is an artifact of having two different reference, while trying to normalize all the observations to just one reference. This creates uncertainty. For example, in the twin paradox, one twin ages faster in their reference relative to the other. If we treated them with one same reference, we would have problems in terms of synchronizing them in position and momentum, since time and distance propagates at different rates.
The atom is the same situation, with electrons moving a fraction of the speed of light, while the nucleus, for all practical purposes, is the stationary twin. Relativity will impact time, space and energy; momentum via mass.
There is an affect in photography, that has around since the 1850's, called motion blur. Motion blue occurs when action of the subject moves faster that the shutter speed of the camera. The camera limits its reference, in space and time based on the the shutter speed, where speed equals d/t. It often puzzled me that Heisenberg never saw this analogy since it was there before his theory.
Relativistic quantum chemistry combines relativistic mechanics with quantum chemistry to explain elemental properties and structure, especially for the heavier elements of the periodic table. A prominent example of such an explanation is the color of gold. It is not silvery like most other metals due to relativistic effects.Relativistic effects in chemistry can be considered to be perturbations, or small corrections, to the non-relativistic theory of chemistry, which is developed from the solutions of the Schrödinger equation. These corrections affect the electrons differently depending on the electron speed relative to the speed of light. Relativistic effects are more prominent in heavy elements because only in these elements do electrons attain sufficient speeds for the elements to have properties that differ from what non-relativistic chemistry predicts
Gold does not have outer elections that naturally emit yellow light when excited. Instead any incoming light is time/frequency shifted yellow by gold's outer elections. All colors of light will get a yellow time shift when reflected in a gold mirror.
Everything you said about the uncertainty principle can be inferred from motion blur. The shutter speed is an expression of how long the shutter stays open to collect light. If we leave the shutter open for a long time; slow shutter speed, almost any motion will appear to have a blur. The reason is, the moving object will deposit light onto the film while it moves, as long as the shutter is open. If I have a camera that is focused on a 100 meter frame, a moving automobile that is 10 meters long can appear to be steak, that extends over the full 100 meter frame, if we leave tr shutter ope ling enough. We do not know where it is by the picture; data, since the blurred image is longer than the car. I suppose we could model it with a probability function. If we go the other way and use a very fast cameras with very fast shutter speeds; 1/millionth of a second, even fast objects are stopped cold in position. But because it is stopped and we know exactly where it is, we have not clue what the future holds, in terms of its momentum vector and speed. It could be turning or drifting in a straight line.
There is a branch of Chemistry called Relativistic Quantum Chemistry. QuoteRelativistic quantum chemistry combines relativistic mechanics with quantum chemistry to explain elemental properties and structure, especially for the heavier elements of the periodic table. A prominent example of such an explanation is the color of gold. It is not silvery like most other metals due to relativistic effects.Relativistic effects in chemistry can be considered to be perturbations, or small corrections, to the non-relativistic theory of chemistry, which is developed from the solutions of the Schrödinger equation. These corrections affect the electrons differently depending on the electron speed relative to the speed of light. Relativistic effects are more prominent in heavy elements because only in these elements do electrons attain sufficient speeds for the elements to have properties that differ from what non-relativistic chemistry predicts
Quantum theory was originally developed without incorporating relativistic affects. Schrödinger and Heisenberg made their contributions to quantum theory and probability in 1926-27. Relativistic Quantum Chemistry did not appear until the 1970's. Statistics has a connection to this, Schrödinger and Heisenberg both framed a quantum universe that was full of uncertainty, probability and wave functions. This was a big boost for the new modeling technique called statistics. Technology was either too expensive or not yet there for direct measurements for the science masses. Statistics opened physics and other areas of science to more people. These two men made it possible. More recently, relativistic affects were added to quantum mechanics and and some of the fuzzy dice where not longer as fuzzy.
The polar aspect of the hydrogen bond has higher density, higher entropy and higher enthalpy. While the covalent aspect of hydrogen bonding has lower density, lower entropy and lower enthalpy.
This transitional ability of the hydrogen bond allows water to help break strong bonds with little energy.
If you compare the polar to the covalent aspects of hydrogen bonding, the polar is more about charge potential, while the covenant is more about magnetic; moving charges.
, but entropy can spontaneously reverse via the covalent state of the bond.
The polar bond benefits by closer distances; denser, while a covalent bond often spreads things out; less dense, so it can aligns things in specific ways for better orbital overlap.
This is slanted to the magnetic side of the EM force
The hydrogen bond can tweak the local EM force and shift it to the E or M side of the EM force
In terms of time, time flies when your are having fun and time slows or drags when you are anticipating something.
This makes the hydrogen bond the perfect binary switch for information transfer.
I don't believe the 2nd law of thermodynamics. (The most uplifting video I'll ever make.)The second law of thermodynamics says that entropy will inevitably increase. Eventually, it will make life in the universe impossible. What does this mean? And is it correct? In this video, I sort out what we know about the arrow of time and why I don't believe that entropy will kill the universe. 00:00 Introduction1:00 The Arrow of Time3:04 Entropy, Work, and Heat7:07 The Past Hypothesis and Heat Death9:34 Entropy, Order, and Information11:38 How Will the Universe End?15:46 Brilliant Sponsorship