Naked Science Forum
Non Life Sciences => Geology, Palaeontology & Archaeology => Topic started by: neilep on 17/11/2007 18:36:19
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Dearest Geologists and Rock Stars....(Hmmmmmmm..is a famous geologist a " Rock Star" ?)
Rocks are great eh ?..I luff em..ewe luff em....we all luff rocks !!...rocks are great at doing what they do and being what they are..and that is Rocks !!...they are my all time favourite natural heavy type hard thing ever !!
But what is a rock ?
There are three types yes ?
Sedimentary rocks
Igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
So.....What's the difference.....?...can you show a piccy and explain what they are ?...are there any other types ? (besides my wifes soufflé's ! [:D])...
OUCH !! *sheepy gets slapped*.....*le sulk*
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Come on! Someone can at least Google this and answer it.
Ohh - dirtybrakesfrats - I may as well.
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rock [1] (rok) n.
1. a large mass of stone forming a hill,
cliff, promontory, or the like.
2. a. mineral matter of variable
composition, consolidated or
unconsolidated, assembled in masses
or considerable quantities in
nature, as by the action of heat or
water.
b. a particular kind of such matter:
igneous rock.
3. stone in the mass: built on rock.
4. a stone of any size.
5. something resembling a rock.
6. a firm foundation or support: The Lord is
my rock.
7. ROCK CANDY.
8. Slang.
a. a diamond.
b. any gem.
9. Slang.
a. CRACK (def. 30).
b. a pellet or lump of crack.
Idiom
10. <on the rocks>.
a. Informal. ruined or destroyed: a
marriage on the rocks.
b. (of an alcoholic beverage) served
straight with ice.
[1300-50; ME rokk (e) < OF ro (c) que, roche; cf.
Sp, Oc roca, It rocca, ML rocha, rocca (> late OE
-rocc in stanrocc " stone-rock ")]
Derived words
--rock'less, adj.
--rock'like , adj.
rock [2] (rok) v. <rocked, rock-ing> n., adj.
v.i.
1. to move or sway to and fro or from side
to side.
2. to be moved or swayed powerfully with
excitement, emotion, etc.
3. (of ore) to be washed in a cradle.
4. to dance to or play rock music.
v.t.
5. to move or sway to and fro or from side
to side, esp. gently and soothingly.
6. to lull in security, hope, etc.
7. to affect deeply; stun.
8. to shake or disturb violently: An
explosion rocked the dock.
n.
9. a rocking movement.
10. a musical style derived in part from blues
and folk music and marked by an accented
beat and repetitive phrase structure.
adj.
11. pertaining to or characteristic of musical
rock.
[bef. 1100; ME; OE roccian, c. MD rocken; akin to
G rücken to move, push, ON rykkja to jerk; (def.
14) short for rock and roll (1951), a phrase used
earlier in the lyrics or title of several rhythm
and blues songs]
Derived words
--rock'a-ble, adj.
--rock'ing-ly, adv.
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Sedimentary rocks - rocks that have been weathered from another rock - doesn't matter what type - and formed in water or transported by water. Alluvial fans conglomerates that have formed on a mountainside and cemented by subsequent deposition of a substance, such as calcite, are sedimentary rocks even if they were not formed under water. NO, Ignimbrites (volcanic ash that falls hot in the air then solidified while still hot) are NOT sedimentary rocks. Whats wrong with you guys???
Igneous rocks - formed from molten material. They are the most dense and the least dense of all rocks. Puzzled, think pumice - it can float if enough air is trapped in it.
Metamorphic rocks - rocks that have been partially melted/chemically altered and reformed. These can range form incipiently metamorphic rocks which can form at at low temp - pressure (6 km depth and 150° C). There are subtle changes in this type of metamorphic rock, grains are slightly altered in shape, some changes in cementing, some changes in chemistry but basically still the same rock and differences only detectable under a microscope. Other metamorphic rocks can form from an almost complete remelting and recrystallization. The typical ones thought about are those that were the former consistency of toothpaste.
And NO! there are not any more types of rocks, at least on this planet. There are on other planets - sulfur compounds never possible under earth conditions, rocks made of gas, etc., etc.
satisfied? if not - tough, I am going to eat lunch, I've wasted enough time with you dufas's who can't even bother to ... (mumble, spit, drool, creaking bones, grumpy old far* leaves on his cane for cup of warm broth.)
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Pictures - you want pictures ???????
Later this afternoon. I need to make a deposit in the WC.
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Pictures - you want pictures ???????
Later this afternoon. I need to make a deposit in the WC.
Will ewe then supplying a picture of a CRAP ROCK !!!?? [;D]...and would that also be sedimentary rock ? [:)]
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Oh...I forgot to mention that I eventually googled everything and already got all my answers !!...ooops silly me...forgot to delete the thread !!,......hope ewe didn't go to any trouble !! [;D]
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Crap Rock (a coprolite or fossilized excriment)
T. rex ? Has pieces of bone in it. (Not mine). A sedimentary rock as it was formed in water - gut water but STILL WATER, NEIL!
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi38.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe111%2Fgeezer69%2FTrexcoprolite.jpg&hash=2fe0cad90ddd3563a17421f474ede1f9)
Courtesy USGS
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"Rocks? You can't handle the rocks!" Jack Nicholson, in "A Few Good Rocks"
Sedimentary - Antelope Sandstone, western US, from Wiki
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi38.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe111%2Fgeezer69%2Fsandstone-antelopeFM.jpg&hash=bdc290b79dcb6e0992e78665e0a817d0)
Marble - stolen from someplace - was limestone but pressure and temperature changed it to marble.
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi38.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe111%2Fgeezer69%2Fmarble.jpg&hash=f4af6896fa9336f837f6b98b6bdf2e0b)
Igneous Rock - Llanite - a rhyolitic rock - granitic in composition but either extruded from the earth or intruded into other rocks as dikes and sills. Granite is a igneous rock that never saw daylight but cooled below the earth. The coin is 17 mm diameter - it is called a "dime" here in America. This was found about 60 miles from where I live.
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi38.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe111%2Fgeezer69%2FLlanite.jpg&hash=c44d6550ddb27cbacdfcf84ab7d8138e)
Are you happy Neil? Well, are you?
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Tchh !!...all I ask is a little bit of effort ?...a soupcon of proficiency to emphasize that ewe have at least tried to assist me here !!... [;)]
JIM......How can I not be happy ? (you cantankerous old git)
That Antelope Sandstone looks fantastic !!
THANK YOU very much for your wonderful explanations and examples !!....specifically the Crap Rock !!...incredible !!
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YAYYYYYYYYYYYY! Answers! Can we now post rocks in the three catogories????
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NO!
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OH, Sorry!
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why ever NOT? [???]
I still like MY coprolite MUCH better than *that* piccie though if you want to know
[;D]
thanks JimBob for your indulgence!
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why ever NOT? [???]
I still like MY coprolite MUCH better than *that* piccie though if you want to know
[;D]
thanks JimBob for your indulgence!
..........cos he's a Stone Age Man !! [;)]
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...The coin is 17 mm diameter - it is called a "dime" here in America. This was found about 60 miles from where I live...
Times must be tough in Texas [:o]
I'm sure Neil would gladly send you a farthing or a shilling for all your troubles.
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LOL Bass
BUT..... before you all just pack up this thread
I'm NOT done yet
I just discovered something that slipped me by on my first speed reed [:I]
And NO! there are not any more types of rocks, at least on this planet.
There are on other planets - sulfur compounds never possible under earth conditions, rocks made of gas, etc., etc.
ROCKS MADE OUT OF GAS ?????
Isnt' that ..... errr.......a contradiction in terms?
Tell me more! [;D]
... and some pics if you possibly can, pruty please!
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JimBob, I have a few samples of Llanite that I picked up last year in Austin (errr....Llano). I love the blue quartz...is it by chance caused by aluminum inclusions?
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Ilmenite (iron-titanium-oxide) inclusions, I think I read somewhere eons ago.
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That is one theory, others believe that it is refraction from closely spaced crystal planes that reflect light at a blue wave length, and when I was in school it was because it was metastable β-cristobalite due to the rapid cooling of the rhyolite. I believe all three explanations are possible as some of the Llanite I have is definably cubic. It is packed away and I will try to find it sometime this week.
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LOL Bass
BUT..... before you all just pack up this thread
I'm NOT done yet
I just discovered something that slipped me by on my first speed reed [:I]
And NO! there are not any more types of rocks, at least on this planet.
There are on other planets - sulfur compounds never possible under earth conditions, rocks made of gas, etc., etc.
ROCKS MADE OUT OF GAS ?????
Isnt' that ..... errr.......a contradiction in terms?
Tell me more! [;D]
... and some pics if you possibly can, pruty please!
I took these on a fly-by a couple of years ago. They are of Titan, a moon of Saturn.
(I haven't been to the field yet on Titan - next summer)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi38.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe111%2Fgeezer69%2Ftitan_surf.gif&hash=2054de784c822a49b649816c32224ab8)
From NASA, who used my notes:
Titan, larger than Mercury and slightly smaller than
Mars, is the only body in the solar system, other than Earth,
that may have oceans and rainfall on its surface, albeit
oceans and rain of ethane-methane rather than water.
Scientists suspect that Titan's present environment --
although colder than minus 289 degrees Fahrenheit, so cold
that water ice would be as hard as granite -- might be
similar to that on Earth billions of years ago, before life
began pumping oxygen into the atmosphere.
Please Note:
I do not have any pictures but -- NASA DOES!!!
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And NO! there are not any more types of rocks, at least on this planet.
How about candy rock , i know of a nice shop in brighton that will sell you a perfectly preserved example.
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Sedimentary rocks - rocks that have been weathered from another rock - doesn't matter what type - and formed in water or transported by water. Alluvial fans conglomerates that have formed on a mountainside and cemented by subsequent deposition of a substance, such as calcite, are sedimentary rocks even if they were not formed under water.
JimBob, I'm surprised a soft rocker (folks who study sedimentary rocks) like yourself would include only clastic (made up of particles eroded from other rocks) rocks as sedimentary rock. Other sedimentary rocks, like limestone and coal, are created from biogenic activity- animal and plant remains that accumulate and are lithified. There are also chemical precipitates, such as evaporites, gypsum and certain iron formations.
NO, Ignimbrites (volcanic ash that falls hot in the air then solidified while still hot) are NOT sedimentary rocks. Whats wrong with you guys???
However, lahars are classified as sedimentary rocks. A lahar is basically a volcanic mudflow, commonly occurring during the eruption of stratovolcanos. Hot waters circulating in the volcano alter the rocks into clays; when mixed with water (snowmelt or surface waters), becomes a muddy mess that can quickly move down the slopes and runoff channels. How would you classify hydrothermal sinter or travertine (I've seen it both as sedimentary and igneous)?
Igneous rocks - formed from molten material. They are the most dense and the least dense of all rocks. Puzzled, think pumice - it can float if enough air is trapped in it.
Probably right as far as the least dense rocks- however, I've also seen some chalk rocks (sedimentary) that will float. Not sure about most dense- some mineral deposits classified as sedimentary are more dense than "formed from molten material" rocks. Metamorphic rocks can also be very dense, especially silicated rocks.
Metamorphic rocks - rocks that have been partially melted/chemically altered and reformed. These can range form incipiently metamorphic rocks which can form at at low temp - pressure (6 km depth and 150° C). There are subtle changes in this type of metamorphic rock, grains are slightly altered in shape, some changes in cementing, some changes in chemistry but basically still the same rock and differences only detectable under a microscope. Other metamorphic rocks can form from an almost complete remelting and recrystallization. The typical ones thought about are those that were the former consistency of toothpaste.
A better definition for metamorphic rocks- rocks that are changed by physical or chemical processes in response to heat and/or pressure- but not to the point of melting. Once melting occurs, the rock is considered igneous.
This is nit-picking. JimBob's definitions are more than adequate for the 3 types of rocks that occur on earth.
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R.H.I.P.
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Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics?? [::)]
(this is a science forum after all)
JB will probably come up with some rank acronym
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WOW - you've done a fly by of Titan? That must have been.... erm.... titanic
[;D]
Ok ok..... can I now please take my foot out of my mouth (https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fbestsmileys.com%2Ffoot_in_mouth%2F1.gif&hash=90bc957221eac33791481a43a61750cb)
... thank you! [;D] saunters off to NASA (not another silly acronym)
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Yes, it was Titanic but when I left orbit I had a sinking feeling I would never get back there.
[V]
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i really love rocks and geology is my favourtie subject next to geography !!some sedimentary rocks are basically the broken up and weathered remains of igneous and metamorphic rocks. other sedimentary rocks have been formed simply from layers adding ontop of one another, and sedimentation occuring to make them rock-like haha . Igneous rocks are volcanic and made in very high pressure and high temperature environments where as Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary ( and in rare cases igneous) and theyve been heated intensely and had alot of pressure put on them to recreate rocks of a metamorphic composition... my favourites, Gneiss and Schist... god you have to love them :P
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OK here are some rocks what can you tell me about them.. I found them today on my walk..What kind are they?
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad001.jpg&hash=f922b1ed8564a0d2471df2526107c8d6)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad002.jpg&hash=34c57369f7923f767ed376f06d47df6b)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad011.jpg&hash=9c56aa0d66a64b72c907be9be95ce7dc)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad015.jpg&hash=3ed9dfdc6b95fe3444927c27a0287f16)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad018.jpg&hash=4e771da88629be6e0f9adb2f39d4477b)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad021.jpg&hash=bac044355e4324047955e4a27113bb69)
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Hi Karen
I particularly like the green rock. Can you tell me any more about it? Can you scratch it with a knife? Does it feel smooth, or rough? Can you see any crystals in it?
The larger piece has some obvious veins in it, I would guess quartz. Also some iron staining.
The small dark red rock is probably jasper.
With the possible exception of green rock, they are probably all sedimentary- although they've probably all been altered (or changed) since deposition. It appears that all these rocks may have been silicified (silica added), making the rocks harder.
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Nope can't scratch it with a knife Smooth on one side and has some texture on the other side. It has some teeny tiny holes on the smoother side harly visible like you might have seen if it were to boil. needle size tiny needle.
No crystals that I can see but it is super hard and pretty green.. me favorite color!
The big rock the picture is deceiving.. It is not that color It is burgandy around the bottom with whit splashes On the top there is a large white section on the back..
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad022.jpg&hash=ff69d6b610263a2e5f408bcb325648dd)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad025.jpg&hash=3476f3ad019485455444c222a630c4c4)
(https://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi17.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fb73%2Fkarenw44%2Falbum%2520two%2FRocksfrommywalkdowntheroad028.jpg&hash=62a2dab4fbd1187b85255f21cb54b174)
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larger rock may be volcanic? Hard to tell from the picture.
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Oh dear that middle picture is so blurry..Sorry.. aai will try tomorrow to get a better one. Thanks bass.
What did you think the green one was?
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The color is close to fosterite (ultramafic mineral), but my guess would be diopside/augite (mafic minerals). Minerals can be divided into two end spectrums- mafic and silicic. Mafic minerals tend to be iron, magnesium and calcium rich. In general, ultramafic and mafic minerals come from the mantle, silicic minerals from the continental crust. Fosterite, diopside and augite would form as metamorphic minerals from mafic igneous rocks, which is reasonable for your location.
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I know all about Rocks !
Here is is my expert evaluation of Karens Rocks.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
Glad I could help.
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WOW.. YOU are amazing...What Knowledge lies in that Brain of yours!!! HEE HEE HEE! LOL..Thanks for the Info!
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The color is close to fosterite (ultramafic mineral), but my guess would be diopside/augite (mafic minerals). Minerals can be divided into two end spectrums- mafic and silicic. Mafic minerals tend to be iron, magnesium and calcium rich. In general, ultramafic and mafic minerals come from the mantle, silicic minerals from the continental crust. Fosterite, diopside and augite would form as metamorphic minerals from mafic igneous rocks, which is reasonable for your location.
The green one is very beautiful. Do you think it could be cut into a heart shape And polished?? I could not even scratch it with a knife.. I love the color and would also like to make a necklace out of it!
What about the red one? Do you think it could be made into a single stud earring?
It really is not orangy red? Sorry Neily it is quite brite red...! My camera does not seem to be doing a good job with closeups or the color.. LOL! Really, it is the photograper! LOL..!! Me is not good with a camera! LOL~!