[Soul Surfer (OP)]

As always, if you Google something you find a lot of references for a pair of words so its best to define them first.  Evolutionary Cosmology is an idea that is now being looked at by a small number of reputable philosophers and cosmologists.  I am also particularly interested in it and have been so for many years well before others went public on it so I thought I might put some of my ideas together here.

It starts from the fact that the "big bang" cosmology has several loose ends notably what caused it and what was going on before that.

It is observed that laws of physics are very finely balanced to allow atoms, nucleosynthesis, and life to form and have certain similarities with the way things are finely balanced in a living ecosystem so what if universes spawn other universes and evolve in a physical way?

So evolutionary cosmology looks at the processes that might allow this to happen. Tries to understand what physical evolution might mean and tries to put this together in a model that fits current physical knowlwdge in a way that the whole process might be tested and verified.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

This is just the first note in what I hope to be several notes that cover my thinking on this topic.  Cosmology by its nature is a very big subject and a mixture of philosophy and cosmology more so. and I am finding it difficult to decide exactly where I should start. so before getting down to the main detail I will try to give brief overview of my underlying thinking

Strict scientists may say that a lot what I am planning to present here is not science, but in reply I will say that science progresses by asking questions performing experiments and making models and then proving them.  Many of the questions that one asks come out of the experiments. but every so often it is a good idea to stand back from the "coal face" and look at the bigger picture to formulate some new questions to ask because it is the questions we ask that determine the way we progress.

AS a scientist and a professional innovator for my whole working life I have often done this to a considerable degree of success. One of the reasons that took early retirement was to be able to concentrate on my studies of evolutionart processes in what I originally called "Evolutionary Philosophy"  then "Evolutionary Metaphysics" and now "Evolutionary cosmology"  You can find more about this by looking at my website which is accessed via my profile

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

Introduction To Evolutionary Cosmology

When mankind first started to become self aware and tried to understand the world that it inhabited.  Everything seemed to be so perfectly organised and fitting together that its origins could only be put into the hands of some sort of supernatural designer.  For more than one hundred years scientists have been well aware that this was not the case.  Life and man evolved from simple beginnings because the conditions were right.  We are now starting to understand that life as a whole also possesses some properties that control its conditions and enable this evolution to be effective and this increased understanding will be the task for the next century.

Looking at our universe (the entire limits of what we may observe and what can affect us) as a whole we have been able to discover, understand and model a great deal about the way everything works and find a remarkably similar situation in the physical laws and structures that define our universe to those experienced by early civilisations starting to understand the world. That is everything seems to have been carefully designed and planned to allow life to exist. 

Note I say OUR universe advisedly because there are many reasons to believe that there may be many universes in what is best called the overall multiverse. 

Some people would see no problems in this and look to a Creator God and look no further.

Science has produced its favoured model currently called "the Big Bang" that describes the hot beginning and quite accurately shows the development of the universe into the form we see today.  However this model leaves a great deal to be desired and has some serious "loose ends"  for example what happened before the big bang to cause it?  And why does quantum mechanics suggest also that the universe as well as being very large to us must also be a very small place because "entangled" particles really do make their minds up about what they are when their condition is detected even after long great distances and long periods.

One of the greatest thinkers of our time Fred Hoyle was very dissatisfied with this and using the information available in the 1950s produced a simple "Continuous Creation cosmology"  to try to produce a more complete theory but this was proved not to work but the proving of it resulted in a much greater knowledge of the evolution and structure of our evolving universe.  Note  Fred Hoyle also produced the original work on the Big bang  so despite being ridiculed for his failed cosmology which he said at the time was at least disprovable unlike many current theories. 

So to conclude this introduction I now propose a cosmology that takes all existing observations and models as given but this is part of an overall process that has evolved over many generations whereby universes spawn other universes and so on.

In this case the most probable universe that we will find ourselves in is one that is able to spawn other universes.

The most likely candidate for other universes being spawned by our univere are what we call black holes.

To take this further we need to consider how our big bang may have originated in the collapse of a black hole.

And how black holes in our universe may originate other universes.  This means predicting what may happen inside the event horizon of a black hole.

There is one other less obvious thing that we will need to sort out that is we require a universe that is scale free and or /fractal.  That is very large and very small at the same time.  All universes spawn other universes as often as possible.  Our universe which is friendly to life is only one of an indefinite number of universes many of which are also friendly to life but with which we are not able to communicate.

[neilep]

Ian..speaking from a practicality point of view .......Before you get started......(and I speak for us all that we can't wait to see your words and thoughts, ideas and postulations).......Is it worth asking you as to whether you wish responses to your posts in this thread ?...we don't want to interrupt the flow of things and we all know so well how easy a thread can get side-tracked !!............so would you prefer we leave you to post away and then perhaps ..when you have concluded.....you might then invite questions/debate ?

[another_someone]

I have written all my notes in plain text offline and dont seem to be able to post them here

I would have thought that if they are plain text, then simply cutting and pasting would be the best way of doing it.

It could be that if it is too long a post, that the server is timing out or reaching an upload limit.  I have hit that problem myself before, and have either split the post up into several smaller posts, or have simply posted a single dot, and then gone back and edited the post to add the real text I wanted (if you hit the 'modify' button at the top of the post, you will hit the same limits as when you tried to post originally, but if you hit the quick modify button (this is the icon to the right of the 'report to moderator' link at the bottom right of the post), then it does not seem to have the same limits applied.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

I found the problem.  I mentioned a website address in the text and it would not let me post it.  No problems with replies I would like some interaction on the topic. would I hope to post one or two longer notes in the next few days but I have already posted some of this stuff here anyway.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

I think that the most difficult concept is that of scale invariance. A black hole that is contained by gravity is a bit like a Tardis  from the inside you cannot see out and so it essentially looks infinite.  so in theory it is possible for a small black hole to contain a universe that appears as big as ours to its inmates to be hidden within it.

The next funny thing about gravity is that if you are in a state of free fall you are essentially unaware of any static gravitiational fields around you unless they are changing with distance or time and there are other objects to observe that are being affected by the changing field.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

If you read about string theory you will find that a lot of apsects of it have an amazing reciprocal symmetry in that there are identical cases  where the you can replace x with 1/x and get exactly the same results ie as one gets amaller the other gets bigger so as the material; in the black hole collapses down towards a "singularity" other dimensions are forced to increase.

The mathematicions would put it that the space time dimensions of the universe are hyprcomplex.  That is they involve (a special form of) complex numbers which should be familiar to anyone who has done science and engineering where they are often used to help out the mathematics of reciprocal processes wher the numbers head off to infinity.  Remember your poles and zeros.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

Physical evolution.

The next thing to talk about is what I mean by physical evolution.

Consider a gas, plasma or even a quark gluon plasma like that that existed very early on in the big bang the individual particles just interact briefly and go on their way it looks very uniform and simple.  Any process that enables the particles to join together in groups for a longer period will cause structure to appear and any process that does this and at the same time helps other particles to join into groups will be even more favoured.  This would allow the material to "evolve" into a more complex state than just the individual particles.

Well that depends on the physical laws you may ask and so has in some way "pre ordained".
Well maybe not. Remember initially these processes are determined by quantum mechanics. At high energies quantum mechanical uncertainty is very high and the more finely detailed properties of particles and atoms are just not visible. 

The cosmologists and particle physicists talk of spontaneous symmetry breaking.  As a first thought they assume that this process must be random but it is possible that the dice may be slightly loaded by the potential that lies beneath in the way that water flows over an uneven river bed  there could be a tendancy to prefer directions that lead to processes that are more complex and tend to persist more than another that direction will be favoured.  This could push the universe into "choosing" laws that enable complexity at every level.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

This last idea, that, persistent structures in low energy processes could slightly skew the "random" options chosen by high energy processes as they are settling down.  I feel is a very innovative thought and could be subject to modelling and investigation in our normal physical world. 

For example we all know that water flowing over a bed of sand does not do this uniformly in a straight line but forms various sorts of evolving patterns dependant on the rate of flow and the slope.  these patterns will change radically if you introduce even slight changes in the underlying structure.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

This is an early statement of my thinking reposted from my website and gives some useful background on the ideas that I am trying to get over

Evolutionary Philosophy
An Initial Statement of the Broad Principles

By Ian Kimber, 27th December 1999

Introduction

This note is aimed to be a simple statement of the thesis that I wish to present in these web pages. This presentation is stripped almost bare of description and example. It is unsupported by proofs. It is also not presented in the context of other people's work. This no doubt exists and I am aware of some strongly linked elements that I will cover in later notes but to my knowledge no one expresses the thoughts in quite the same way that I do. However I doubt if my concepts are truly original and will be happy to receive feedback from others who think along similar lines who have good references to other work on the topic. I will also be happy to defend and modify my ideas in the light of criticism from those who think that I am wrong in my approach.

Please therefore excuse me for this rather bald and direct statement moment. I feel quite strongly that I must get this down on paper. I propose to fill in the details and analyse the nuances later.

What I am proposing transcends (or overlays) the laws of physics and mathematics but of course is quite happy to accept them as they are validated. It requires no metaphysics or "supernatural" processes because everything that happens is by definition natural. As well as applying in our particular "universe" I believe that the principles of Evolutionary Philosophy will apply in ANY universe. I am sorry to sound "big headed" but I feel that the point must be made emphatically.

 

The Basic Principle

Let us assume a dynamic (i.e. changing as a result of energy flow) universe with some initial starting condition and a set of consistent and reasonably continuous physical laws that exists within (multidimensional) space-time continuum over a very wide range of scales.

Let us assume an "observer" (that is also part of this universe) situated somewhere away from the extreme ends of the many orders of magnitude space-time scales that are available. i.e. somewhat similar to us (of course!)

The most "observable" features of any universe will be those that tend to persist through the time scale of the observation or change at rates reasonably well matched to the duration and resolution of the observation. I appreciate that this statement has elements of tautology but haven't thought of a better way of expressing it yet.

Events that are observed will be those that are matched to this observation time. Events that happen on a much shorter time scale will be less "observable" unless something happens to extend the time over which they may be observed. Note: I think that at this stage the word time could equally well be replaced with the more general expression space-time.

It follows that interaction processes that extend this space time observability of what would otherwise be brief interactions to bring them within the range of the observer will be favoured over those that do not. There may very many possible types of brief interaction although only a few will possess this potential extension in spacetime.

There is also the opportunity for very many possible interactions in the time leading up to the operation of the observer. It is therefore to be expected that the observable interactions are likely to demonstrate a high degree of what might be called "natural selection"

In other words the observable structure of the universe will appear well fitted to the structure of the observer! This is another way of looking at the well known Anthropic Principle making it not a cause for mystery but an obvious feature of any universe with its matched observer. It would be far more surprising if this was NOT the case! And mankind had structures and components that were significantly different from the universe around. for example if we were metallic and silicon robots with many rotary joints that manufactured ourselves in factories but were otherwise very similar in our thinking processes and supported by an ecology identical to that currently on the earth the hand of an external "creator" would be pretty obvious!

Let us now consider the likely nature of some of these, time-extending structures.

A structure in the universe that lasts and repeats itself in a cyclic manner is much more likely to be an observable feature of an evolving universe. This is because cyclic or oscillatory processes extend the period of interaction between the fundamental laws and structures. They also extend the period within which the universe may interact with them and give the opportunity for "evolution". Cyclic processes are therefore most likely to dominate in the observable features in the universe just because they extend the time period over which they may be observed. From this follows the existence of atoms and their main constituents and most of the features of our observable universe extending in scale up to planets, stars and galaxies in orbits defined by gravity.

There are however other structures that must not be ignored. These are "open ended" structures that are associated with the flow of energy. For example the ripples in sand when it is blown by the wind. It is quite likely that structures at the most basic quantum levels may be better described in terms like these

Other features within the universe will interact with and affect these long-lived oscillatory processes. Some of these will be tend to be disruptive and some stabilising and reinforcing. If the disruptive processes dominate the structure will not persist long but if the stabilising processes dominate the process will evolve to an optimum position as defined by its external influences. If these external influences change, the equilibrium will shift.

This fundamental "law" applies to EVERYTHING IN OUR UNIVERSE and governs the development of complexity from the physical nature of our world, and the workings of life. However I hold that it extends further than this. The same processes apply to the development of our language communication and understanding through to the structures within our governments, our choice of clothes to wear and jokes to tell. In fact it is so important that I would go as far as to say it is likely to be the nearest thing to a scientific definition of "GOD" as we are likely to get in this evolutionary universe! It describes the fact that within any dynamical physical system with sufficient degrees of freedom complexities will develop and evolve. The rules for this development and evolution are also relatively simple although the outcomes are complex and multivalued.

If the starting values were slightly different the universe would have a radically different structure. But rest assured alternative complexities appropriate to the structure would develop. We are no more likely to be able to predict the details of these complexities than we could predict our own detailed structure from the physical laws that have conspired to create us!

An Important Development

At first sight I expect my opening words on Evolutionary Philosophy to be greeted as a statement of the obvious. "What’s all the fuss about" I hear you say "we’ve been well aware of this for centuries and this is built right into the depths of most of the world’s religions."

My reply is that mankind is now only just starting to understand the science of "complexity" and within a few years we will be able to model and predict the relatively simple rules that govern the behaviour of complex systems accurately enough to make useful decisions (within the limits of their predictability of course). But even now I believe that the understanding of a few simple outcomes from this process can be vitally important. It can help our current complex society to survive long enough to achieve the collective wisdom to ensure a very long survival for the intelligence and self awareness that has evolved naturally upon this planet.

The most important and general outcome of this process is a modification of our understanding of the evolutionary process itself. This is often visualised as a totally competitive process in which the survival of the fittest is the only driving force. Behind this driving force there also lies an important element of co-operation, because if the predator eats all the prey it will itself starve to death! Like weather systems this underlying steering force produces and maintains the robustness and flexibility of properly evolved systems.

 

Developing A Philosophy

This single concept alone is not quite enough to create the basis of a total philosophy. Some additional items are needed to link it more firmly into human thinking these items form the basis of an evolutionary theory of knowledge and communication (language).

In this initial presentation there is not space to go into detail but put simply they are based on the concepts of modelling as a means of understanding the world and symbols as an essential part of communications.

 

Modelling

The creation of mathematical models of complex physical situations as an aid to understanding how they will interact and predicting what will happen is commonplace in this technological world but it has been around for a long time in the most basic mental processes in plants and animals. The brain appears to be a most remarkable tool for the creations of models of the world around us. I can easily illustrate this by discussing our sensory experiences. Look at any object in front of you and then reach out and touch it. The object appeared to you as solid and existing in space and when you touched it its existence was confirmed and it behaviour (for example moving when pushed) was reflected in what you saw. However this "reality" must have existed entirely within your mind as a model of your surroundings created for "you" by your brain because apart from the act of touching it all that happened was light falling on the object was reflected by it and entered your eyes.

Symbols

When we wish to communicate with others we use symbols usually in the form of words. These symbols have no intrinsic value in themselves but have been agreed beforehand by usage and have values based purely on our own experience. Very few of these symbols can be proved or handled precisely like numbers and scientific measurements. Most of them like "house" and "fly" are a product of our experience and the context within which they are used with sufficient commonality to others to provide a basis for communication but are full of pitfalls if absolute precision is essential. Fortunately very few things in an Evolutionary Philosopher's world are (or need to be) precisely defined.

Mankind’s place in all of this

The most important thing to remember that mankind is in absolutely no way special but a totally minor (and expendable) part in all of this. That includes our place in the global ecosystem. If we are to follow these principles it is our right and duty to ensure that we maximise our joint (but not necessarily our personal) longevity

What I propose to show

These simple starting points can lead to a philosophical bridge between science and religion that maximises the positive and creative aspects of both of these forces and minimises the divisive and destructive elements that also exist in both of them. Because of its nature it cannot give precise advice on individual action. In fact it tells us anyone who believes that there is only one course of action is by definition wrong!

Evolutionary diversity requires us to have several courses of action operational simultaneously so that should the current course be prevented by an unexpected catastrophe. Alternative survival routes exist that circumvent the catastrophe

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

Quantum Gravity Angular momentum and String theory.  The roots of evolution

Most of the best models that lead towards a theory of everything are now based on simple structures with finite dimensions ie strings or membranes.  These give a vast range of possibilities but unfortunately the structure of the strings themselves is essentially arbitrary or given.

This is a bit unsatisfactory because however you look at it we live in a physical universe that has physical properties even though quantum mechanics has some counterintuitive aspects.  The first quantum mechanics tried to come to a model of simple quantum structures using a semi classical approach and showed that the matter wavelength of an electron orbiting a hydrogen atom was effectively a resonant structure.

I feel that we must not be afraid of thinking like this about gravity even if we know we are going to have to quantise it later.

It is interesting to note that Planck's constant is a measure of angular momentum and I suggest that it is angular momentum and not gravity that is the ultimate creator of our universe.

Any collapsing body containing angular momentum (including black holes as has been proved by Kerr)will settle down into a state with finite dimensions defined by its angular momentum.  ie it CANNOT collapse into a "singularity" this is a cop out used by a lot of books to avoid thinking about an awkward topic.

However there is another group notably Roger Penrose  (a very significant thinker in this area) that looks at "spin networks" ie vortexes containing angular momentum.

We are aware of the potential for "gravitomagnetic" waves  (sometimes called gravity waves) and have equations that describe their form and propagation.  Let us now consider a piece of collapsing and rotating space time on the Planck scale as a simple classical physical object model it and think how it would behave we might get a small string like vortex or a toroidal smoke ring with angular momentum in all dimensions let us now consider quantising this structure as a resonant space time entity.  What do we get?

Unfortunately I don't know because I haven't got the mathematical skills to do the modelling but I know someone out there probably has and may already have done this.

OK one of the first reposts is  likely to be  "you can't separate your vortex or smoke ring from the rest of space-time this is always the problem with quantum gravity". however let us assume that we have incredibly dense space time and energy let us look at the classical physical properties of any structure that could emerge and persist for a significant length of "time"  (I put time in inverted commas because remember we are dealing with space-time)as opposed to the transient noise. 

This could be a good start for an evolutionary process that leads to our universe and a theory of everything.

[angst]

This is a very interesting topic. It was while reading Stephen Hawking's 'A Brief History of Time' that something in his writing jogged a thought. I can't remember what the words were exactly, but it basically made sense to me that what we see in our universe must be a 'reflection' or a corollary of the basic foundations of it. So, where we see mirror symmetry, there must be a fundamental reason for that symmetry. It follows that, as the universe in which we live 'creates', then the impetus for creation must lie as a fundamental basis of it (the very fact that it came to be is an 'act' of creation). That we are conscious, that we know consciousness, is an interesting thought in that context. And, that we have memory is another consideration (and DNA is itself a form of molecular 'memory').

One of the other thoughts that came from Hawking's book was the idea of all the energy (positive and negative) in the universe adding mathematically to zero (the positive cancelling out the negative). So that, in effect, the universe exists in it's entirity as....well, nothing (I don't think that he said that, but I saw that as the natural corollary of that thought).

As you say, strictly speaking this is probably not science, but I believe that such discussion is necessary. It is, surely, only through trying to understand and conceptualise that we can begin to form theories.(but to remember to do so within a framework of what we know and can show experimentally - not just whacked out ideas that drop dead at the most cursory investigation).

A question that came to mind was in relation to time, and particularly the relative nature of time. Why would our existences be relative? Maybe because each point in the universe as we experience it is notionally the centre of that universe. How could this be? Asking that question one comes to the true question. How could it not be? The universe cannot have any 'edge', it cannot have a boundary, for what would exist outside of space/time? What would encompass it? So, whatever the nature of the dimension(s) by which we understand time it must be such that it almost 'inverts' our general perception of space. It must be such that each point is the centre. But, we also interact with the rest of these centres, we are not each individual universes (or are we?). So this dimension(s) must be both underlying and over-arching (which makes perfect sense anyway - after all, is 'width' over-arching or underlying compared to say 'height'?).

Another facet of this dimension would be, imo, that it would be 'looped', and by that notion would we find 'memory', would we find rhythm.

This got me thinking about another question, regarding the proven concept (again to do with relativity) that we perceive time differently depending upon  our circumstance. This rather points to time being a process of dimensional space, one that we perceive through our interaction in the non-spatial (in our experience) dimension(s). Imagine that the 'temporal' dimension is not only 'looped', but crosses over itself - and that this crossover is what creates (through a 'reverse' flux) what we know as matter. The 'forward' flow would be what we perceive as the passage of time, and so would be dependent upon our 'reverse' motion within it. Any energy expended in the medium of matter (as we know it), any motion (including the waveform motion that makes up that matter) would be experienced as a slowing in time. The greater the mass of an object, the more energy, the greater the effect on time.

This would explain the nature of gravity (the force of 'forward' energy 'pushing' against the flow of matter), and the bending of "space-time". This crossover would also be the symmetry breaker. So, no need to look for a graviton or a Higgs Boson, the interactions of both of these 'particles' would actually be a fundamental process of the form of the 'temporal' dimension(s).   

[angst]

What it might also do, this crossover, is engender the particulate nature of our universe. Where this crossover occurs there will be a 'friction' of the 'reverse' flux against the 'forward' flow. Thinking of such constants as the speed of light, Planck's constant etc., there is a probability that this 'temporal' dimension is finite in some way(s). By this process(the crossover) would the flow of time constantly 'stutter', briefly 'fixing' multi-facted energy flows (the waveform nature of matter) into a particulate nature - perhaps even briefly and temporarily dissociating the 'particle' from it's waveform nature.

Sorry to ramble. It is just a conceptual proposition, and I would be interested in any ideas of how one could test such. Or even if you have any questions or suggestions (other than STFU  [:I]).

There is more, but for now, I must return to work.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

I have just finished watching the channel 4 programme on Stephen Hawking and ideas about the theory of everything and was rather dissapointed in the slowness and lack of real detail.  I appreciate that it was a general interest programme but feel that they could have got a bit more depth into it.  Stephen did at one point talk about the evolutionary processes that shaped universes but did not go into any details about how he saw them working other than the bland operation of physical laws.

It is only when we get to understand properly the emergent properties of the operation of the basic laws of physics that we will be able to do proper modelling of universes

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

The expert that appears to have views closest to my personal ways of thinking is Lee Smolin and I thoroughly reccommend his book  The Trouble with Physics.

He is quite interested in the possibility that the physical "laws with which we are very familiar have "evolved" in some way to become what they are today.

When the big bang was very young and everything was a lepton/quark /gluon plasma the lower energy laws were completely overwhelmed and essentially invisible because of the high energy of the particles however the particle interactions are statistical ant there is a spread of energies and there are always a few particles around with quite low energies now if any of these interact in a way so as to create and or catalyse more stable longer lived states than the very brief individual particle reactions (phase transitions, symmetry breaking events  as alternative names for the process) there will be a process of selection which will make the freezing out of new physical laws close to the values which favour these interactions.  This is the route by which I think that the physicallaws of out universe may have evolved.

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

Today's "New scientist"  has an interesting short article about some interesting work by Stephen Hawking that seems to have some bearing on this thinking.  They are working backwards from what we have today to try to identify the string theory models that have the best fits to the origins of our universe and trying to understand the inflationary period in terms of quantum processes where all the alternative possibilities have to be considered summed up and the most probable found.  At first it appeared improbable that our universe would appear because of the options there are not many big universe solutions and we appear to be in a big universe. However when you consider that the bit of the universe that we can see probably represents a very tiny fraction of the whole universe and we might as well be anywhere in this vast volume it looks much more likely that any arbitrary chunk of space would be in a big universe because they effectively dominate all the space that is avaiable. 

Clearly this would also apply to time long lived universes have more time avaiable than short lived ones.

[Alan McDougall]

Soul Surfer,

Science has produced its favoured model currently called "the Big Bang" that describes the hot beginning and quite accurately shows the development of the universe into the form we see today

I have just read your posts in this thread and you indeed have an incisive mind of profound thinking.

I have often wondered how could the disorder of the explosive big bang result in the beautiful order we now see in our universe.

An exploding bomb by analogy never reassembles itself into order again.

Or am I missing something?

Regards

Alan

[Soul Surfer (OP)]

The "big bang"  was not explosive and disordered!  It was amazingly even everywhere an ordered totally unlike an explosion. It is true it was very fast but it was not very turbulent. The extreme smoothness of the cosmic microwave background shows this very clearly.  It took several generations of measuring equipment wit progressive increases in precision to find any variation in it.

The order that we see in the universe is the result of recycling processes.  Gravity pulls things together but a very specific mass range becomes stars which create elements that when they are spilt out into the void as these stars age and die help to create more stars and so on.

on this planet several critical cycles of carbon water and nitrogen allow life to use solar energy to replicate itself. 

recycling processes are critical for most structure in the universe so it seems very likely that in extremis the enabling of recycling processes probably shapes the physical laws themselves

[Alan McDougall]

I see!! Thank you the argument of an explosive chaotic beginning that I mentioned is the argument used by fundamentals to discredit even the Big Bang theory.

Nothing of science with ever satisfy them only "nonscience" e.g non -science, "Non-sense"