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NEW MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS THEORY

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Andrew K Fletcher:
Titre du document / Document title
Free vertical growth of myelin figures
Auteur(s) / Author(s)
SAKURAI I. (1) ; SHIBATA T. (1) ; MINOBE M. (2) ; KAWAMURA Y. (1) ;
Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s)
(1) The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, JAPON
(2) Sumitomo Chem. Co., Ltd., Shinkawa, Chuou, Tokyo, 104-8260, JAPON
Résumé / Abstract
Myelin figures which grow from a floating egg-yolk lecithin lump on a surface of water/glycerin mixture have been found to grow only vertically towards the bottom of a glass cell and never to grow horizontally along the medium surface nor radially. The structure of the growing myelin figures is basically simple rod-like or a bundle of a few simple rods. Helixing, twisting or coiling myelin figures were never observed under the present experimental condition. Taking the results obtained from the reported growth behaviour of myelin figures into consideration, it is proposed that one of the driving forces of helixing, coiling and twisting growth of myelin figures is thought to be due to a chemical potential difference caused by a concentration gradient along the radial direction perpendicular to the long axis of a myelin figure. The hydrocarbon chains in the fully hydrated stacked bilayer of myelin figures are proposed to he in a more ordered state than reported so far. The arrangement of hydrocarbon chains, both in myelin figures and in an egg-yolk lecithin/water complex, and the density of them also will be discussed.
Revue / Journal Title
Molecular crystals and liquid crystals science and technology. Section A, Molecular crystals and liquid crystals   ISSN 1058-725X
Source / Source
2001, vol. 363, pp. 157-165 (13 ref.)
Langue / Language
Anglais
Editeur / Publisher
Gordon and Breach, Philadelphia, PA, ETATS-UNIS  (1992-2002) (Revue)
Mots-clés anglais / English Keywords
Morphology ; Diffraction ; X ray ; Density ; Phosphatidylcholine ; Egg yolk ; Myelin ;
Mots-clés français / French Keywords
Croissance verticale ; Morphologie ; Diffraction ; Rayon X ; Densité ; Phosphatidylcholine ; Jaune oeuf ; Myéline ;
Mots-clés espagnols / Spanish Keywords
Morfología ; Difracción ; Rayos X ; Densidad ; Fosfatidilcolina ; Yema de huevo ; Mielina ;
Localisation / Location
INIST-CNRS, Cote INIST : 12857, 35400009997272.0130

Andrew K Fletcher:
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Jul 25;817(2):367-74.
Surprising thermal transition in fish myelin.
Blaurock AE, Chandross RJ, Bear RS.
A new structural transition in nerve myelin has been discovered by means of X-ray diffraction of excised teleost nerves in physiological saline. The reversible transition is between two structures, designated AS and AL, with repeating distances (d spacings) differing by 25-35 A. When the temperature of bream spinal cord is lowered from room temperature to 4 degrees C, much but not all of the AS (short spacing) myelin changes into AL (long spacing) myelin. The change is reversed when the temperature is raised back to 22 degrees C, and it occurs a second time when the temperature is lowered again to 4 degrees C. The myelin in bream optic nerve undergoes a similar thermal transition, but the myelin in brachial plexus does not. The thermal transition does not involve the liquid crystal-to-gel transition observed in lipids and natural membranes. When a specimen is kept at constant temperature, there is a gradual conversion from AS to AL myelin which is not thermally reversible, suggesting the existence of two distinct subclasses of AL. Similarly, two subclasses are indicated for AS myelin since part of it does not transform thermally. The observations reported here may have significance for the evolutionary development of myelin.
PMID: 4016112 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Andrew K Fletcher:
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