[Petrochemicals (OP)]

The Hunga Tonga eruption of December 2021 was the largest eruption of the 21st century, an underwater eruption caused explosions due to the interaction between the magma and the water. I was suprised to learn from a post on a most learned forum that the Hunga Tonga eruption ejected 100,000,000 tonnes of water into the atmosphere, whilst doing strange things with sulpher dioxide for a comparable eruption.

This  paper hypothesises the future link between Hunga Tonga 2021 and global warming.

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022GL099381

Are the terrible summers in the uk (2023 2024) but general world wide warming a concequence. The hurricaine season 2023 in the north atlantic was also very active despite it being expected to be quiet due to the el nino effect.