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Maxwell's equation deal with simple symmetric topologies,
Perhaps 17 pages weren't enough to describe the problem so clearly that everyone can understand. But at least you have now realized that three cases above are not identical.
You seem to be the only one who has problems understanding "the origin of the magnetic field". Yet at times you say things that suggest you do actually understand and you just want to argue these points for argument's sake.
I. Knowledge. Remembering information.II. Comprehension. Explaining the meaning of information.III. Application. Using abstractions in concrete situations.IV. Analysis. Breaking down a whole into component parts.V. Synthesis. Putting parts together to form a new and integrated whole.VI. Evaluation.
Quote from: paul cotter on 05/07/2024 05:13:09Maxwell's equation deal with simple symmetric topologies, if you explore any other conditions you have add minor alterations. This does not in any way impugn these equations. Permittivity and permeability are most definitely NOT fudge factors, they are fundamental properties of space. You are going round in circles like a dog chasing it's tail, and not learning anything.What's the permittivity and permeability of space between two water molecules in the center of an ice block at 1 atm and 0 centigrade?How does iron core affect magnetic field around a current carrying solenoid?
Maxwell's equation deal with simple symmetric topologies, if you explore any other conditions you have add minor alterations. This does not in any way impugn these equations. Permittivity and permeability are most definitely NOT fudge factors, they are fundamental properties of space. You are going round in circles like a dog chasing it's tail, and not learning anything.
Quote from: hamdani yusuf on 03/07/2024 22:44:02 But if the distance between them is reduced to just 1 nm, you need to use different ε and μ for most practical purposes.Why?
But if the distance between them is reduced to just 1 nm, you need to use different ε and μ for most practical purposes.
If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough.
Imagine a long straight wire carrying one Ampere electric current to the right. 1 meter above it, there's a device measuring electric and magnetic field at the same time. When they are stationary to each other, the device shows some magnetic field but zero electric field. When the device is moving parallel with the wire, the electric field has some value, and the magnetic field changes.This is the basic scenario for explaining magnetism through special theory of relativity as described by Edward Purcell.
Now I'm done recording the experiment using 3 types of chloride salts, ie NaCl, KCl, and MgCl2. It will take some time to edit, add narrative and illustration, and then upload it to my YouTube channel. So please be patient, since I'm having a tight schedule in my work place. So little time so much to do.
Demonstrate the spin angular momentum of electrons.
Yes, the electric current generated by moving ions produces the same type of magnetic field as moving electrons, as long as the magnitude and direction of the current are the same. The magnetic field depends on the motion of charge, not the specific nature of the charged particle (whether it's an electron, ion, or any other charged particle).Key Points:1. Magnetic Field and Current:A moving charge, whether positive or negative, generates a magnetic field according to Amp?re's Law and the Biot-Savart Law.The magnetic field's direction is determined by the right-hand rule and depends on the direction of the current, not the type of charge.2. Nature of the Current:Current () is defined as the rate of flow of charge ().A positive ion moving in one direction produces the same current as a negative electron moving in the opposite direction.3. Magnetic Field Direction:For a positively charged ion moving in a given direction, the magnetic field's direction is determined by the right-hand rule for that direction.For a negatively charged electron moving in the opposite direction, the same magnetic field is produced because the current direction (defined by conventional current as the flow of positive charge) is the same.4. Example:A stream of positively charged ions moving to the right creates a magnetic field with the same characteristics as a stream of negatively charged electrons moving to the left, provided the current (amount of charge per unit time) is equal in both cases.Thus, the generated magnetic field is independent of whether the current is carried by electrons, protons, or ions; it depends only on the magnitude and direction of the current.
Yes, electric current generated by moving ions produces the same magnetic field as moving electrons. This is because the magnetic field generated by a moving charge depends solely on the charge of the particle and its velocity, not on the type of particle itself.Both electrons and ions are charged particles, and when they move, they create a magnetic field around them. The strength and direction of the magnetic field depend on the magnitude and direction of the current, which is the rate of flow of charge.Therefore, whether the current is carried by electrons in a metal wire or by ions in an electrolyte solution, the resulting magnetic field will be the same, given the same current.
The electromagnetic force produced by an electric current is the same whether it is generated by moving ions or moving electrons, provided the current (amount of charge flow per unit time) and the conditions are identical. Here's a breakdown of the reasoning:Electromagnetic Force (Lorentz Force)1. Magnetic Component:A current () in a conductor or a moving charged particle generates a magnetic field.If another charged particle moves through this magnetic field, it experiences a force given by the Lorentz force law:\mathbf{F} = q(\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B})The magnetic field () depends on the current () and not on whether the current is carried by electrons, protons, or ions. Hence, the resulting magnetic force is the same for a given current.2. Electric Component:A current can also generate an electric field if there is a charge imbalance or in cases involving time-varying currents (via Maxwell's equations). The resulting electric force is:\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{E}Again, this force depends on the field strength () and the charge (), not the type of charge carrier producing the current.Key ConsiderationsCurrent Magnitude:For the same current magnitude (, where is charge, is charge density, is cross-sectional area, and is drift velocity), the electromagnetic effects will be identical regardless of whether the current is carried by electrons or ions.Charge and Velocity:Positive ions are usually much heavier than electrons. For a given current, ions will have a much smaller drift velocity than electrons due to their larger mass. However, this difference in velocity does not affect the electromagnetic force because the total current determines the field, not the individual velocities.Charge Sign:The sign of the charge does not affect the magnitude of the electromagnetic force, only its direction. For example, a positive ion moving to the right produces the same force as a negative electron moving to the left.ConclusionThe electromagnetic force generated by an electric current is the same for moving ions as for moving electrons, as long as the current and conditions (such as field configuration) are the same. The nature of the charge carriers (ions vs. electrons) does not change the fundamental electromagnetic interaction.
ChatGPTNo, there is no credible experimental evidence or research indicating that ionic currents produce electromotive force (EMF) while electronic currents do not. Both ionic and electronic currents follow the same fundamental principles of electromagnetism as described by Maxwell's equations. Here's why:Electromotive Force (EMF) and CurrentEMF is defined as the energy supplied per unit charge to move charges around a circuit. It is typically generated by:Electrochemical reactions (e.g., in batteries).Time-varying magnetic fields (Faraday's Law of Induction).Thermal gradients (Seebeck effect).Pressure or deformation gradients (piezoelectric effect).EMF is independent of the type of charge carrier. Both electrons and ions can contribute to the current in a conductor, and the generation of EMF depends on the physical mechanism (chemical reaction, magnetic induction, etc.) and not the carrier type.Experimental Evidence1. Faraday's Law of Induction:Experiments involving time-varying magnetic fields demonstrate that EMF is produced regardless of whether the current is ionic (e.g., in electrolytes) or electronic (e.g., in metal wires).2. Electrolyte and Plasma Studies:In electrolytes and plasmas, where ions carry current, the measured EMF behaves identically to that in metallic conductors, following the same laws of electromagnetism.3. Batteries and Fuel Cells:In batteries, ions carry current internally, while electrons carry current externally through a circuit. The EMF generated is consistent with theoretical predictions and independent of whether ions or electrons are the carriers.Theoretical Basis1. Maxwell's Equations:Electromagnetic phenomena depend on the motion of charge, irrespective of the type of charge carrier.The current density () determines the magnetic and electric fields and is calculated as:\mathbf{J} = nq\mathbf{v}2. Charge Carrier Independence:The Lorentz force and Biot-Savart law depend on the flow of charge, not the specific nature of the carriers. Whether the carriers are ions or electrons, the resulting magnetic and electric effects are the same.ConclusionThe claim that ionic currents generate EMF while electronic currents do not is inconsistent with established physical laws and experimental data. Both ionic and electronic currents produce EMF and electromagnetic effects in accordance with the same fundamental principles of electromagnetism. If you have encountered a source making this claim, it may involve a misunderstanding or a misrepresentation of experimental results. Feel free to share details for further clarification!
GeminiThere is no experimental evidence suggesting that ionic current produces electromotive force (EMF) differently from electronic current. Both types of current, when flowing through a conductor, can generate EMF under specific conditions, such as in batteries or generators.In batteries, for example, chemical reactions involving the movement of ions create a potential difference, which is a form of EMF. Similarly, in generators, the movement of electrons in a conductor through a magnetic field induces an EMF.The key factor determining the generation of EMF is the movement of charges, regardless of whether they are electrons or ions. The Lorentz force law, which governs the behavior of charged particles in electromagnetic fields, applies equally to both types of charge carriers.Therefore, it is not accurate to say that ionic current produces EMF differently from electronic current. Both types of current can generate EMF under appropriate conditions, and the underlying principles are the same.
Just for once the chatbots seem to be right.What thickness of Al foil were you using? Was it pure Al? The resistance measurement seems remarkably high.