Naked Science Forum

Non Life Sciences => Chemistry => Topic started by: Bishadi on 28/07/2008 17:02:52

Title: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: Bishadi on 28/07/2008 17:02:52
What makes an atom 'hot'?

and please, we talking about Atom number 1......  what makes that one HOT?
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: Bored chemist on 28/07/2008 19:03:44
Chemists can define heat. Perhaps Bishadi is a joke.

Defining the temperature of 1 atom is a bit meaningless- you could make some sort of estimate from its kinetic energy in your frame of reference or if it's in an electronicly excited state.
It's a bit like finding one member of a spercies- for example the last dodo- and asking if it's inteligent as dodos go.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: lyner on 28/07/2008 21:20:07
Temperature is average KE so whatever the KE (in eV, perhaps - ionise it and accelerate so you could be sure of what it was) that would tell you. But it wouldn't mean a lot.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: lightarrow on 29/07/2008 20:41:47
Temperature is average KE so whatever the KE (in eV, perhaps - ionise it and accelerate so you could be sure of what it was) that would tell you. But it wouldn't mean a lot.
Exactly. To make it more clear: let's take a gas at room T (25°C) in a container; there are molecules with velocity v distributed in some way, from 0 to (virtually) +infinite; now consider only the molecule with the higher velocity, let's say 299,000,000 m/s. Which is its temperature? The gas temperature is still 25°C, so should be that molecule's temperature...

In other words: its meaningless to define a single molecule's T because to do it you should associate that molecule to a specific system with a specific distribution, but you can do it for a system at room's T, for another at T = 109°C, ecc.; which system does that molecule belong? It's undetermined, so as that single molecule's T.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: lyner on 31/07/2008 15:08:00
Likeways, if you have a container of gas at 300K and suddenly shoot it off into space at 100km/s, the thermometer inside the container will still register 300K, although the 'average' KE of the container has considerably increased.
The concept of temperature describes the 'internal' energy.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: Bored chemist on 31/07/2008 19:05:03
I wonder if we have been the victims of a "drive-by trolling".
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: blakestyger on 31/07/2008 19:12:41
What makes an atom 'hot'?

and please, we talking about Atom number 1......  what makes that one HOT?

We'll soon find out - maintaining a superiority complex whilst posting stuff like that takes a lot of mental effort and denial. [^]
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: DoctorBeaver on 01/08/2008 08:47:59
I wonder if we have been the victims of a "drive-by trolling".

 [:D]
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: lyner on 01/08/2008 14:05:12
When a nebula starts to collapse, under its gravitational potential, all the atoms (with very few exceptions) will be moving inwards. The 'temperature' of one region would be very low, though, until the atoms get close enough to behave as described by kinetic theory  (bumping into each other, randomly).
Also, how about the 'temperature' of the gas ejected from an explosion?
And, of course, there is the odd fact that the temperature of the Sun's corona is 1+ million K, compared with the surface of about 5000K. The density of the plasma there is very low, however, so 'in the shade' it wouldn't actually feel that hot.
The word 'temperature' needs to be applied carefully.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: Bored chemist on 01/08/2008 18:01:54
At the risk of prolongindg a thread which might be better left to die; I think temoperature is only validly defined for a system at or near equilibrium with its surroundings, or at least at equilibrium with itself.
Title: Re: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: lyner on 01/08/2008 18:49:08
You are probably right BC


RIP
Title: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: Bored chemist on 02/08/2008 01:56:35
The goalposts have been moved.
Bishadi's original post has been changed.
It no longer includes the insulting, and irrational, idea that chemistry doesn't understand temperature.
Presumably that is because he realises that he was talking nonsense or that someone took that view on his behalf.
Title: At the atomic level, what is heat?
Post by: chris on 02/08/2008 13:29:45
I changed it because it was inconsistent with our format of posting questions, and it also make no sense.

Chris