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24th Jan 2010
Explosive Science!
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On this explosive Naked Scientists, explore the science of explosions, looking at what happens when a landmine explodes and how to study shockwaves. Plus, how to make safer 'insensitive' munitions, and the 'ecology' of insurgency. Plus, how infected cells accelerate the infection rate, why your memories are stored in a grid and in Kitchen Science we show you how to do a controlled explosion in your own home!
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News
Scientists have discovered a trick used by some viruses to speed up the rate at which they spread - infected cells bounce incoming viruses away towards new cells.
Using video recordings, Imperial-based virologist Geoff Smith and his colleagues were able to watch as vaccinia virus, a member of the ...
Plants get up to all sorts of clever tricks to persuade animals to pay a visit and pollinate their flowers.
Many animals are tempted by delicious smells and a reward of sugary, energy-rich nectar. But what if those visiting animals don’t just take away their nectar reward - pollinating the plant i...
Scientists have discovered that, at least when it comes to finding our way around, humans use the same neurological mapping system as rats and mice!
Studies on human volunteers carried out by UCL scientist Christian Doeller and his colleagues have shown that a brain region called the entorhinal co...
Over 80% of the plants and over 90% of animals that live in Madagascar are found nowhere else on the planet.
The big Malagasy mystery is how did all these species get there? Now, a new study published in the journal Nature has provided strong evidence backing a theory that the ancient anc...
Questions

How practical would it be to use a giant microwave to scan underneath a vehicle?
We posed this question to Dr Bill Proud...
The vehicles are generally moving along the road at some speed, say 30 miles an hour. The article you’re trying to cause to explode is buried underground so you have to make sure that the waves can actually reach into the explosive, and all of this has got to happen in the millisecond or so that you've got in front of the vehicle. So you need a huge amount of power and you can't mount that much power and drive it down the road, basically baking the road in front of you to the required temperature. Also, think about what would happen to the wildlife and the general ecology around us as we’re sending out that much power.

Can explosions bend around corners?
We posed this question to Dr Graham McShane...
Well, when a blast pulse hits a surface, some fraction of that blast pulse will reflect off of that surface. Depending on the geography of the area, the properties of the surface and the size of the bomb, the blast could go around many corners. It could follow quite a torturous route, reflecting off various surfaces. So, it could cause damage for quite a large area. It’s all down to reflections.

How is it possible to take pictures at billions of frames every second?
We put this question to Bill Proud:
Well number one, you need a very intense bright light source. Some people actually use explosives to do the lighting for the system! The next thing you need is a thing called a CCD, Charge Capture Device, or CMOS camera. What you're doing is switching on high voltages, in and out very, very quickly. So it’s high voltage pulses on a nanosecond duration with explosive as the lighting. These can be quite destructive experiments, even if you're doing quite small scale experiments.
Kitchen Science
Find out how to make a mini-explosion using a film canister, and find out how your explosion relates to real explosives, such as gunpowder.
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Interviews
Graham McShane explains what happens when you blow things up, both on land and under water...
Bill Proud explains how the shockwaves created by explosions affect other materials, including human tissue...
Meera Senthilingam explores how munitions are designed and tested to ensure they only detonate when they're supposed to!
Michael Spagat discusses how insurgent events can be modelled to deal with future attacks...
QotW
Does the steel in large oil tankers confuse a bird's sense of direction?
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