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quote:imagine a 24 mil bore tube on one side and a 6 mil bore tube on the other side, blended seamlessly together to form a single looped open ended tube of different sizes immersed at equal levels in two bottles of water, suspended 24 metres vertically by the centre. The weight of the 24 mil bore side of the loop will be counterbalanced exactly by the 6 mil bore side of the tube, with no net movement either way. Now add the tiny amount of salt to the 6 mil bore side at the centre and circulation begins.
quote: In the case of the tree, the structure and size differences of the tubes compensates for the loss of moisture through the leaves and returns the resulting concentrates back towards the ground.
quote:Picture a loop of tubing suspended above the 10 metre limit, producing an unbroken bead of water, under the tension produced by the equal weight of the water on both sides of the tubes. Now initiate the lowering of one of the ground based bottles to try to cause a siphon. The result would be that the lowering of the one bottle would merely cause the bead of water to become elasticised and stretch to the point where it would collapse. But during the stretching process, we hypothetically inject a tiny amount of concentrated saline solution coloured, in one side of the loop at the top/upper most part of the loop. The result would be an obvious independent flow and return system, within the pre tensioned bead of water, flowing with total disregard to pressures, and creating its own pressure changes within the tension placed upon the bead of water.
quote:Originally posted by daveshortsquote:quote]This system will produce a flow, but because the amount of water in the system is allways the same, if you get 1 litre falling out of the 6mil tube, the 24mil tube will suck up 1 litre, however because the area of the bigger tube is 16 times larger the water you have sucked up will only go up 1/16th of the tube, you haven't pumped any water to the top.The model is simple, I do not have the time nor the inclination to try to construct a perfect artificial tree. I only have to show the driving force in this paper. The trees design takes care of evaporation as the water and minerals flow though its veinsquote: In the case of the tree, the structure and size differences of the tubes compensates for the loss of moisture through the leaves and returns the resulting concentrates back towards the ground. But how are you getting the water out at the top? The water is at a negative pressure, this means that to get it out you have to pull, and pull very hard against a large pressure. Evaporation will do this, but if evapouration is doing the work you don't need the tube coming down and that is just the conventional model you are so dead set against.Common sense should tell anyone that there is no attempt to extract water from the tubular modelsIn what way has your system produced a net flow of water to the top of the cliff? Overall you have moved water from one jar to another one next to it. If you had filled a bowl of water at the top of the cliff that would be equivalent to what the tree is doing, and I will belive it could be an issue when you can do that.
quote:quote]This system will produce a flow, but because the amount of water in the system is allways the same, if you get 1 litre falling out of the 6mil tube, the 24mil tube will suck up 1 litre, however because the area of the bigger tube is 16 times larger the water you have sucked up will only go up 1/16th of the tube, you haven't pumped any water to the top.
but if evaporation is doing the work you don't need the tube coming down and that is just the conventional model you are so dead set against. [quote/]Evaporation is doing the work. But not in the way it has been erroneously interpreted by Dave et al. I am perplexed that you have stated that there is no downward flow in trees?From an earlier post in case you missed it:Transport of saltsThe liquid which travels in the xylem is not, in fact pure water. It is a very dilute solution, containing from 0.1to1.0% dissolved solids, mostly amino acids, other organic acids and mineral salts. The organic acids are made in the roots; the mineral salts come from the soil. The faster the flow in the transpiration stream, the more dilute is the xylem sap. Experimental evidence suggests that salts are carried from the soil to the leaves mainly in the xylem vessels.The xylem sap is always a very dilute solution, but the Phloem sap may contain up to 25 per cent of dissolved solids, The bulk of which consists of sucrose and amino acids.There is a good deal of evidence to support the view that sucrose amino acids and may other substances are transported in the phloem. The movement of water and salts in the xylem is always upwards, from the soil to the leaf. But in the phloem the sap may be travelling up or down the stem. The carbohydrates made in the leaf during photosynthesis are converted to sucrose and carried out of the leaf to the stem. From here the sucrose may pass upwards to growing buds and fruits or downwards to the roots and storage organs. All parts of a plant which cannot photosynthesise will need a supply of nutrients bought by the phloem. It is possible for substances to be travelling upwards and downwards at the same time in the phloem.Death is natures way of telling us to slow down.
quote:It is possible to design a model that can lift sea water, extract pure water and return the denser ballast to the sea through a tube in order to provide the pumping for the desalination. But I have long since given up jumping though loops to amuse people.