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Physics, Astronomy & Cosmology / Re: What are gravitons and how do they explain gravity?
« on: 17/11/2018 08:31:19 »
Hi @miniguy
There are a number of theories for how gravity "works"; the most popular - and evidence-based - is Einstein's theory of general relativity, which proposes that mass deforms the fabric of the universe - Spacetime.
People talk about a bowling ball sitting in the centre of a trampoline to make a dent that causes other bodes to roll down into the "gravity well" created by the bowling ball; this is why massive bodies, like stars, cause moving bodies like planets to deviate from a straight trajectory and instead adopt an orbital path.
Meanwhile, quantum mechanics (QM) has investigated how gravity can be fitted into what we call the "standard model", which is the collection of particles and force carriers that make up matter in the Universe around us. This QM theoretical model invokes a particle as the force carrier to convey gravitational attraction. This notional particle is the graviton. So the idea would be that objects are attracted to one another by constantly giving away and receiving a stream of gravitons between them. And like photons, these notional particles would travel at the speed of light.
The problem is that no one has ever seen a graviton, and all the theories that have so far tried to merge what we do know about gravity with QM yield nonsense results. So, for now, gravitons remain a theory among theories.
There are a number of theories for how gravity "works"; the most popular - and evidence-based - is Einstein's theory of general relativity, which proposes that mass deforms the fabric of the universe - Spacetime.
People talk about a bowling ball sitting in the centre of a trampoline to make a dent that causes other bodes to roll down into the "gravity well" created by the bowling ball; this is why massive bodies, like stars, cause moving bodies like planets to deviate from a straight trajectory and instead adopt an orbital path.
Meanwhile, quantum mechanics (QM) has investigated how gravity can be fitted into what we call the "standard model", which is the collection of particles and force carriers that make up matter in the Universe around us. This QM theoretical model invokes a particle as the force carrier to convey gravitational attraction. This notional particle is the graviton. So the idea would be that objects are attracted to one another by constantly giving away and receiving a stream of gravitons between them. And like photons, these notional particles would travel at the speed of light.
The problem is that no one has ever seen a graviton, and all the theories that have so far tried to merge what we do know about gravity with QM yield nonsense results. So, for now, gravitons remain a theory among theories.
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