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A-Z of AVIONICS
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A-Z of AVIONICS
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #460 on:
12/02/2007 20:32:39 »
A
irbag
An airbag, also known as a Supplementary/Secondary Restraint System (SRS), an Air Cushion Restraint System (ACRS), or the Supplemental Inflatable Restraint (SIR) is a flexible membrane or envelope, inflatable to contain air or some other gas. Air bags are most commonly used for cushioning, in particular after very rapid inflation in the case of an automobile collision.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
An automobile airbag, like this one
in a crashed SEAT Ibiza car, an
airbag inflates and deflates within
a fraction of a second (about 0.8 seconds)
.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
Since the start of 1994, Ford made
airbags standard across their entire
range of cars sold in Europe (except
for the Maverick which was outsourced
from Nissan).
«
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #461 on:
12/02/2007 21:54:58 »
B
arbus tetrazona
(Sumatrabarbe)
http://www1.mpi-halle.mpg.de/~hi/ima/Barbus_4.jpg
from Dr. Reinald Hillebrand homepage:
http://www1.mpi-halle.mpg.de/~hi/
MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR MIKROSTRUKTURPHYSIK
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #462 on:
12/02/2007 22:31:46 »
Carl Sagan
totally captivating, listening to him is an experience
His wikipedia entry can be found here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Sagan
«
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #463 on:
12/02/2007 22:42:31 »
D
ialysis
In medicine, dialysis is a type of renal replacement therapy which is used to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney function due to renal failure. It is a life support treatment and does not treat any kidney diseases. Dialysis may be used for very sick patients who have suddenly lost their kidney function (acute renal failure) or for quite stable patients who have permanently lost their kidney function (end stage renal failure). When healthy, the kidneys remove waste products (for example potassium, acid and urea) from the blood and also remove excess fluid in the form of urine. Dialysis treatments have to duplicate both of these functions as dialysis (waste removal) and ultrafiltration (fluid removal).
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #464 on:
13/02/2007 07:33:35 »
Electrolyte
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #465 on:
13/02/2007 17:00:47 »
F
orensic science
Forensic science (often shortened to forensics) is the application of a broad spectrum of sciences to answer questions of interest to the legal system. This may be in relation to a crime or to a civil action. The use of the term "forensics" in place of "forensic science" could be considered incorrect; the term "forensic" is effectively a synonym for "legal" or "related to courts" (from Latin, it means "before the forum"). However, it is now so closely associated with the scientific field that many dictionaries include the meaning that equates the word "forensics" with "forensic science."
“Forensic” comes from the Latin word “forensis” meaning forum. During the time of the Romans, a criminal charge meant presenting the case before a group of public individuals. Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their side of the story. The individual with the best argumentation and delivery would determine the outcome of the case. In other words, the person with the best forensis skills would win.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #466 on:
13/02/2007 17:51:31 »
Google,
(I mean the whole system setup)
«
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #467 on:
13/02/2007 18:11:40 »
H
untington chorea
http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/images/260HUNT.GIF
Huntington disease
Background:
Huntington disease (HD), also known as
Huntington chorea
(HC), is an
inherited disease
characterized by choreiform movements and progressive dementia.
In adults, HD most often causes involuntary movements, but rigidity can also be a feature of the disease.
The initial diagnosis is rarely established in the emergency department, but patients with established disease may present to the ED because of worsening symptoms.
Pathophysiology:
HD is
inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder with complete penetrance
. An HD gene has been identified with an
abnormal protein product
(huntingtin) that can be identified in the brain. The link between this protein and the selective loss of neuronal groups in the CNS remains to be established. HD has now been identified genetically as a trinucleotide CAG-repeat mutation on chromosome 4. The CAG repeat length may be important in determining the age of onset and the rate of disease progression.
Frequency:
In the US:
Prevalence of HD in the United States is
5.15
cases per 100,000 persons.
Internationally:
HD is encountered throughout the world; however, localized geographic clusters of disease exist. Countries that have been settled by western Europeans have an incidence of the disease similar to the incidence in the United States.
Mortality/Morbidity:
HD is a progressive neurological disorder usually leading to death 15-20 years after onset of neurological or psychological impairment.
Race:
HD is found in all ethnic groups.
Sex:
Males and females are diagnosed in equal numbers.
Age:
Symptoms arising from a typical presentation of HD usually do not develop until a person is aged
35 years or older
. By the time of diagnosis, many patients already have had children and have passed the gene to another generation.
As many as 10% of patients with HD have a juvenile form of the disease in which the onset of symptoms may occur when the patient is younger than 20 years.
Muscular rigidity is more common with juvenile-onset illness.
...
read more clicking here:
http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic254.htm
...less 'medical' language here:
http://www.answers.com/topic/huntington-s-disease
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #468 on:
14/02/2007 00:12:45 »
I
ntravenous Catheter
In medicine, a catheter is a tube that can be inserted into a body cavity duct or vessel. Catheters thereby allow drainage or injection of fluids or access by surgical instruments. The process of inserting a catheter is catheterization. In most uses a catheter is a thin, flexible tube: a "soft" catheter; in some uses, it is a larger, solid tube: a "hard" catheter.
The ancient Egyptians are reported to have fashioned catheters from papyrus, and the ancient Greeks from reeds. A flexible urinary catheter was invented by Benjamin Franklin for use by his brother.
Placement of a catheter into a particular part of the body may allow:
* draining urine from the urinary bladder as in urinary catheterization, e.g., the Foley catheter or even when the urethra is damaged as in suprapubic catheterisation.
* drainage of fluid collections, e.g. an abdominal abscess
* administration of intravenous fluids, medication or parenteral nutrition
* angioplasty, angiography, balloon septostomy, balloon sinuplasty
* direct measurement of blood pressure in an artery or vein
* direct measurement of intracranial pressure
* administration of anaesthetic medication into the epidural space, the subarachnoid space, or around a major nerve bundle such as the brachial plexus
A central venous catheter is a conduit for giving drugs or fluids into a large-bore catheter positioned either in a vein near the heart or just inside the atrium. A Swan-Ganz catheter is a special type of catheter placed into the pulmonary artery for measuring pressures in the heart.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #469 on:
14/02/2007 18:29:21 »
J
ellyfish stings
http://www.bugbog.com/images/main/australia/box_jelly_3.jpg
http://www.bugbog.com/images/main/australia/box_jelly_1.jpg
http://www.bible.ca/tracks/rapid-fossils-jellyfish-live.jpg
more from:
http://www.bugbog.com/travel_safety/dangerous_animals/jellyfish_stings.html
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #470 on:
15/02/2007 03:46:31 »
K
evlar
Kevlar is the DuPont Company's brand name for the particularly light but very strong synthetic fibre. Created in DuPont's labs in 1965 by Stephanie Kwolek, Herbert Blades, and Phil Thier, Kevlar was first used commercially in the early 1970s. It can be spun into ropes or sheets of fabric that can either be used as-is, or used in the construction of composite components. Kevlar is now used in a wide range of applications, from bicycles to body armor, due to its high strength-to-weight ratio (see Tensile strength), "...5 times stronger than steel on an equal weight basis...".[1] It is a member of the Aramid family of synthetic fibres and similar to Twaron from Teijin.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
Chemical structure of Kevlar. Bold: monomer unit; dashed: hydrogen bonds.
Properties
When Kevlar is spun in the same way that a spider spins a web, the resulting fiber has tremendous strength, and is heat- and cut-resistant. The fibers do not rust or corrode. When woven together, they form a good material for mooring lines and other underwater objects.
There are three common grades of Kevlar: Kevlar, Kevlar 29, and Kevlar 49. Kevlar is typically used as reinforcements in tires and other rubber mechanical goods. Kevlar 29 is used in industrial applications such as cables, asbestos replacement, brake linings, and body armor. Kevlar 49 is considered to have the greatest tensile strength of all the aramids, and is used in applications such as plastic reinforcement for boat hulls, airplanes, and bikes.
Kevlar is susceptible to breakdown from ultraviolet light (such as sunlight) and hence is almost never used unprotected or unsheathed.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #471 on:
15/02/2007 04:34:01 »
Love
Has nothing to do with science but it is St. Valentine's day in the US
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #472 on:
15/02/2007 05:27:29 »
Migraines
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #473 on:
15/02/2007 15:07:44 »
N
ano
- is a prefix (symbol n) in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10
−9
. It is often used in prefixing time and length units encountered in electronics and computer systems, like 30 nanoseconds (symbol ns) and 100 nanometres (nm). It was confirmed in 1960 and comes from the Greek νᾶνος, meaning dwarf.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #474 on:
15/02/2007 16:29:21 »
Ovule =
A small egg or seed,especially one in a early stage of development.
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #475 on:
15/02/2007 18:11:07 »
P
neumocystis carinii
http://www.medmicro.wisc.edu/resources/imagelib/mycology/images/pneumocystis_giemsa.gif
http://static.flickr.com/60/204365397_af1c1b8774_m.jpg
http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/icm_c/Chest/case17/pic1.jpg
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Background
: Pneumocystis jiroveci, previously known as Pneumocystis carinii, is the organism responsible for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP);
the most common opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients
.
As our understanding of the Pneumocystis genus has grown, the name was changed to specify Pneumocystis, which is isolated in humans. The abbreviation PCP is still used to designate Pneumocystis pneumonia. Pneumocystis is a genus of
unicellular fungi
found in the respiratory tracts of many mammals and humans. Distinct genomic variability exists between host-specific members of the genus. The organism was first described in 1909 by Chagas then a few years later by Delanöes who ultimately named the organism in honor of Dr. Carini after isolating it from infected rats. Years later, Dr Otto Jirovec and his group isolated the organism from humans, and it is after him that the organism responsible for PCP pneumonia was renamed.
Pneumocystis first came to attention when it was found to cause interstitial pneumonia in Central and Eastern Europe during World War II in
severely malnourished and premature infants
. Prior to the 1980s,
fewer than 100 cases of PCP occurred per year in the United States
, occurring in immunosuppressed patients such as cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and solid organ transplant recipients on immunosuppressive agents. In 1981, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the occurrence of PCP in 5 previously healthy homosexual males residing in the Los Angeles area. Pneumocystis jiroveci is now one of several organisms known to cause
life-threatening opportunistic infections in patients with advanced HIV infection worldwide
.
Microbiology
The taxonomic classification of the Pneumocystis genus was debated for some time. It was initially mistaken as a trypanosome then later as a protozoan. In the 1980s, biochemical analysis of the nucleic acid composition of Pneumocystis rRNA and mitochondrial DNA identified the organism as a unicellular fungus rather than a protozoa. Subsequent genomic sequence analysis of multiple genes including elongation factor 3, a component of fungi protein synthesis not found in protozoa, further supported this notion. The organism is found in 3 distinct morphologic stages. The trophozoite or trophic form, where it often exists in clusters; the sporozoite, which is a precystic form; and finally, the cyst, which contains several intracystic bodies also known as spores.
...
much more from
emedicine
: http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic1850.htm
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
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Reply #476 on:
15/02/2007 20:54:41 »
Q
uince
The Quince Cydonia oblonga is the sole member of the genus Cydonia and native to warm-temperate southwest Asia in the Caucasus region. It is a small deciduous tree, growing 5-8 m tall and 4-6 m wide, related to apples and pears, and like them has a pome fruit, which is bright golden yellow when mature, pear-shaped, 7-12 cm long and 6-9 cm broad.
The immature fruit is green, with dense grey-white pubescence which mostly (but not all) rubs off before maturity in late autumn when the fruit changes colour to yellow with hard flesh that is strongly perfumed. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, 6-11 cm long, with an entire margin and densely pubescent with fine white hairs. The flowers, produced in spring after the leaves, are white or pink, 5 cm across, with five petals.
Quince is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Brown-tail, Bucculatrix bechsteinella, Bucculatrix pomifoliella, Coleophora cerasivorella, Coleophora malivorella, Green Pug and Winter Moth.
Four other species previously included in the genus Cydonia are now treated in separate genera. These are the Chinese Quince Pseudocydonia sinensis, a native of China, and the three flowering quinces of eastern Asia in the genus Chaenomeles. Another unrelated fruit, the Bael, is sometimes called the "Bengal Quince".
[ Invalid Attachment ]
Cydonia oblonga flowers
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #477 on:
16/02/2007 06:56:15 »
Radar
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #478 on:
16/02/2007 16:41:05 »
S
unlight
http://www.friedmanarchives.com/China/Page1/images/Bicycle%20in%20Sunlight.jpg
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Re: A-Z of AVIONICS
«
Reply #479 on:
16/02/2007 18:25:56 »
T
horn
or Spine (botany)
Spines are the ends of branches or leafs, that have been modified into rounded, hard structures with sharp ends. They are often also called thorns, which are reduced, sharp pointed stems.
Spines are used by plants to protect themselves from herbivores. Some plants with spines and animals that feed on them, have co-evolved in response to each other, with some plants having very long spines and the animals that feed on those species having long tongues to reach past the spines to feed on the leaves.
The spines of different cactus and Fouquieria are leafs that have been completely transformed. In Black Locust the spines are modified stipules. The sharp Long thorns of the hawthorn, the needles of a cactus, and the prickles of a shrub like the rose are all spines. Although spines generally serve as a passive defense mechanism, in some species they can be hollow and contain poisonous substances that cause lasting pain or even paralysis, and in others, may be barbed and detach readily, sticking to whatever brushes against them.
Plant spines and thorns
Botanists use several terms somewhat loosely when referring to spine- or needle-like structures on plants; however, the following differences are typically distinguished:
* Prickle – a sharp outgrowth from the epidermis, also called an emergence and usually involving some subdermal tissue as well; see also hair.
* Spine – a modified stipule or sharp branchlet found in a leaf axil or on the margin of a leaf.
* Thorn – Sharp outgrowth from a stem other than at a node; a modified stem.
* The seta (bristle) is a similar plant structure.
There are a number of different terms used to describe spines and plants with spines:
* Spinescent - Meaning spiny or tapering like a spine.
* Spinicarpous - Having spiny fruit.
* Spiniferous - Bearing thorns.
* Spiniform - Like a spine or thorn.
* Spiniger - Producing spines or thorns.
* Spinose - Spiny.
* Spinule - A very small spine or prickle.
* Spinulose - Having small spines or thorns.
Thorns and prickles, most notably those on roses, are common literary symbols for the hidden dangers or woes of something beautiful or pleasant, as in "Every rose has its thorn". Roses lack true thorns since their prickles emerge from the epidermis rather than the pericycle. Growth from the pericycle would make it a modified stem and therefore a thorn. Some roses have been bred not to have prickles.
[ Invalid Attachment ]
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