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What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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puppypower
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What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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21/04/2017 13:49:57 »
The rising crust, decreased the water coverage on the surface. Since the earth is a closed system, this implies that the original water, that covered the entire earth was conserved and ended up inside and below the crust. Proof of this is large deposits of water have been found under the crust, with one such deposit, the size of the Arctic ocean, found under the crust near SE Asia.
As you increase the temperature and pressure of the water, water undergoes phase transitions, with the properties of water changing, drastically. For example, if you place a rock in the surface water of the ocean, the rock does not change but will sink to the bottom. If you add sufficient temperature and pressure to the water, to get water above its critical point, a new phase appear; super critical water, which can dissolve rocks.
Super critical water will eat downward, toward higher temperature and pressure, despite being of lower density than rocks. It is driven by solvent based entropy; tries to dissolve more and more rock to increase entropy. Rock solubility increases with temperature and pressure so that is the direction of the second law.
At the conditions in the upper mantle, water changes phase from super critical water to super ionic water. Superionic water is a nasty phase of water. If you has a container of superionic water and release the pressure, the superionic water will explode like TNT. The plate movement benefits by pressure fluctuations near a super critical-superionic water phase boundary. Pressure fluctuation would blow apart crustal-mantle adhesion, pushing material to the surface.
Water can keep dissolving its way downward, driven by solvent based entropy; second law. At the temperature and pressure conditions of the lower mantle, water changes phase again to form ionic water. It become part of the oxide matrix of the mantle minerals. At the extreme conditions of the core, water changes phase, again, and can form metallic water. This phase of water can conceptually form an amalgam with the iron of the core. The theoretical result is a continuity of water, from the atmosphere, to the core, which allows the sun to impact the core, and the entire earth, through the water.
One main impact of the sun is to create positive charge in the water of the atmosphere through evaporation. This can induce lightning from electrons coming from the surface of the earth. This direction of election flow; core to surface, suggests a movement of electrons, from the core, due to the formation of iron oxide from the iron of the core. This oxidation is driven by the positive charge within the solar induced atmospheric water.
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puppypower
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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22/04/2017 12:11:14 »
Let me complete the water continuity model for the earth. The electron flow from core to the surface, induced by solar evaporation, is reflected by the ocean water having a slightly alkaline pH; 8.1, which implies slightly more OH- compared to pure water H2O. The direction electron flow to the surface, induced by the sun, also favors reduction reactions on the surface of the earth, such as is induced by life; photosynthesis.
If we go back to the core, studies have shown the core of the earth rotates faster than the crust of the earth, at a rate of about 0.5 degrees per year. This means the core will have an extra rotation every 700-1000 years. For this to occur we need to two things; We need an engine; source of energy, and we need a way to lower the friction between the core and mantle so the amount of energy is not prohibitive. Water helps with both things.
Metallic water, amalgamated with the iron and chromium is a excellent conductor of electricity. The electron currents in the core, which generate the earth's magnetic field, are easily conducted through metallic water amalgam. The water adds to this current affect through the oxidation of the iron to iron oxide, via catalysis with the hydrogen of water; acid type affect.
Outside the metallic core the metallic water changes phase into ionic water. Ionic water is not a good conductor of electricity. Rather ionic water acts more like a resistor, due to poor election conduction. When the high energy electron currents of the metallic amalgam core reach the phase boundary, between metallic and ionic water; outer core, the flow of electricity is turned into resistor heat. This heats the interface between the core and the lower mantle adding conviction to the outer core and lower mantle.
The magnetic field extends beyond the core all the way to the surface, but the bulk electron currents are stopped at the phase boundary. The net electron flow reduces to a trickle. This prevents life from being fried with high energy sparks from the core.
Conceptually, there should be enough current to heat at the phase boundary to generate local fusion reactions, between the hydrogen protons of the ionic water. This small scale local and isolated fusion, here and there, at the phase boundary, would eliminate local chemistry; viscoelastic adhesion, allowing nearly frictionless rotation of the core so it ca stay ahead.
The slight alkaline pH of the oceans, more OH-, reflects less hydrogen that is normally attached to water. The hydrogen is replaced by alkaline metals. The slight disappearance of hydrogen in the oceans water, reflects its slight conversion to helium at the phase boundary as well as concentration inside the earth.
The earth is mostly oxygen in terms of atomic abundance. What I call the continuity of water from atmosphere to core can be expressed, inside the earth, via the movement of the hydrogen of water, through the existing oxide matrix of the earth. You don't need physical H2O, to migrate from the mantle to the core. Rather diffusion of the smaller hydrogen proton of water, through the oxide matrix, results in water migration. The movement of the hydrogen of water toward the core, also reflects the solar induction. The movement of positive charge to the core and negative charge to the surface reflect the same direction of electron flow, based on electricity conventions. Where the two meet and interact; protons and electrons, we have hydrogen atoms under extreme phase conditions.
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Last Edit: 22/04/2017 12:31:42 by puppypower
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dirtyape
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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Reply #2 on:
30/05/2017 02:48:43 »
Could the reason that Venus and Mars do not have a magnetic field, when compared to Earth, be because they have very little water? I take from your, awesome, posts, that water is very important for the magnetic field here on Earth.
I realize that Mars is much smaller, and could have lost its heat by now, but Venus is roughly the same size as Earth.
Venus is much closer to the Sun as well. Maybe it didn't capture as much ice as Earth in the formation of the system?
Plus, Earth being hit by the impactor that formed the Moon. That impactor would have had alot of water if it formed in at a similar distance as the Earth.
Very interesting posts puppypower, thank you for them.
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Last Edit: 30/05/2017 02:54:20 by
dirtyape
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Alex Dullius Siqueira
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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03/06/2017 23:33:18 »
Is the size of our early moon...
Planets i suppose are like boiling eggs, for me the moon was not created by a rouge planet collision, for me the moon material was deliberately ejected into orbit by a powerful explosion from inside out earth's crest...
Most likely due volcanic activities piercing gas and water oceans...
The question can be answer if we learn how oxygen was/is? able to reach the inner regions of a planet on formation...
Water must be a key factor no doubt about that...
The magnetosphere may have helped to create the liquid water not otherwise...
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Last Edit: 06/06/2017 20:53:31 by
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Alex Dullius Siqueira
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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12/06/2017 21:37:47 »
What I mean was, to have a magnetosphere some suggest the necessity for heavy metals to be sniping inside of earth, my suggestion was that such metals would not form without the existence of water, so for instance for our purposes a healthy magnetosphere would require both water and oxygen, a lot of it...
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GoC
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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Reply #5 on:
13/06/2017 22:03:12 »
What is interesting to me is how far down in the moon before you find water. Mars also.
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Alex Dullius Siqueira
Alex Dullius Siqueira
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Re: What is the effect of water under the Earth's surface?
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Reply #6 on:
17/06/2017 01:18:22 »
As for the moon, at this point I believe water only on the rock or mixed with other elements.
I do not believe there should be liquid water...
Mars certainly has, somewhere...
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