[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

That's why I stick with monoatomic ions. I used sodium sulphate and sodium chloride

Can you tell me more about this monatomic sulphate ion?

It seems like you deliberately misunderstand my statements by cutting them half through.

I used sodium sulphate and sodium chloride in the preliminary study simply because they were already available for me without purchasing.

You've been trying too hard to get it wrong.

[Bored chemist]

I know why you didn't stick with monatomic ions.
I don't know why you claimed that you did so.

Stop pretending and actually specify he experiment properly.

[alancalverd]

Quote from: alancalverd on 11/06/2024 10:14:33
So you have disproved Ohm's law. Amazing.
Not really. It's more likely that your understanding of the law is incomplete.

V=IR
What's to understand? If the solution containers are conductive, R = 0 so V = 0. If the supporting cans are insulated from the containers (R = ∞) , whatever voltage you measured between them has nothing to do with the current flowing in the isolated apparatus above them.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

I know why you didn't stick with monatomic ions.
I don't know why you claimed that you did so.

Stop pretending and actually specify he experiment properly.

I used monoatomic ions for the real experiments.
I used polyatomic ions for the preliminary proof of concept experiment, because I didn't have two different types of monoatomic ions sources.
How hard is it to understand?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Quote from: alancalverd on 11/06/2024 10:14:33
So you have disproved Ohm's law. Amazing.
Not really. It's more likely that your understanding of the law is incomplete.

V=IR
What's to understand? If the solution containers are conductive, R = 0 so V = 0. If the supporting cans are insulated from the containers (R = ∞) , whatever voltage you measured between them has nothing to do with the current flowing in the isolated apparatus above them.

Have you seen an inductive toroidal conductivity sensor?

The voltage changes according to whether or not the current flows through the salt solutions, while other factors are kept constant.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

We can make a table showing the force experienced by the stationary test particle in various velocities of both positive and negative particles in the wire. I'll use standard Lorentz force to calculate the force, which states that
F = B.q.v
Where B is proportional to electric current in the wire, which depends on velocity difference between positive and negative particles in the wire.
v represents the velocity difference between the test particle and the wire. Since the test particle is stationary, it's merely determined by the velocity of positive particles in the wire.
It's assumed that all positive particles have uniform velocity. Negative particle has uniform velocity as well.

The first table below shows the value of electric current, which depends on the difference of velocity between positive and negative particle in the wire.
   v+   -4   -3   -2   -1   0    1    2    3    4
v-                             
-4       0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8
-3      -1    0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7
-2      -2   -1    0    1    2    3    4    5    6
-1      -3   -2   -1    0    1    2    3    4    5
 0      -4   -3   -2   -1    0    1    2    3    4
 1      -5   -4   -3   -2   -1    0    1    2    3
 2      -6   -5   -4   -3   -2   -1    0    1    2
 3      -7   -6   -5   -4   -3   -2   -1    0    1
 4      -8   -7   -6   -5   -4   -3   -2   -1    0

The second table below shows the velocity of the wire relative to test particle. It's determined solely by velocity of positive particle.
   v+   -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
v-                             
-4      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
-3      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
-2      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
-1      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
 0      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
 1      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
 2      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
 3      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4
 4      -4   -3   -2   -1   0   1   2   3   4

The third table shows the force experienced by test particle, which is simply the multiplication of each cell in both tables above.
   v+   -4   -3   -2   -1    0    1    2     3     4
v-                             
-4       0    -3   -4   -3    0    5   12   21   32
-3       4     0   -2   -2    0    4   10   18   28
-2       8     3    0   -1    0    3     8   15   24
-1      12    6    2    0    0    2     6   12   20
0       16    9    4    1    0    1     4     9   16
1       20   12   6    2    0    0     2     6   12
2       24   15   8    3    0   -1     0    3     8
3       28   18   10   4   0   -2    -2    0     4
4       32   21   12   5   0   -3    -4   -3     0

These 3 tables are the basis I used for designing the experiment as described in my video for theoretical background.
Which one do you disagree with?

[Bored chemist]

How hard is it to understand?

It is hard to understand why you think we can read your mind and thus refuse to actually tell us stuff.

[Bored chemist]

Have you seen an inductive toroidal conductivity sensor?

Yes, but I haven't sen one with a DC output...
Have you?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

How hard is it to understand?

It is hard to understand why you think we can read your mind and thus refuse to actually tell us stuff.

What do you want to know?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Have you seen an inductive toroidal conductivity sensor?

Yes, but I haven't sen one with a DC output...
Have you?

You seem to misunderstand things and keep getting statements out of context. It reminds me of earlier generation of chatbots.

Here's the context.

Quote from: alancalverd on 11/06/2024 10:14:33
So you have disproved Ohm's law. Amazing.
Not really. It's more likely that your understanding of the law is incomplete.

V=IR
What's to understand? If the solution containers are conductive, R = 0 so V = 0. If the supporting cans are insulated from the containers (R = ∞) , whatever voltage you measured between them has nothing to do with the current flowing in the isolated apparatus above them.

Have you seen an inductive toroidal conductivity sensor?

The voltage changes according to whether or not the current flows through the salt solutions, while other factors are kept constant.

These 3 tables are the basis I used for designing the experiment as described in my video for theoretical background.
Which one do you disagree with?

[Bored chemist]

How hard is it to understand?

It is hard to understand why you think we can read your mind and thus refuse to actually tell us stuff.

What do you want to know?

Are the bits marked in green vital?
Could you just use a couple of metal plates?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Also, when I see the beakers balanced on top of the tins it looks dangerously top-heavy to me.

Are the bits marked in green vital?
Could you just use a couple of metal plates?

modified.jpg (67.82 kB . 778x698 - viewed 471 times)

I'm sorry for missing this post.
Those metal cans act like the rod of electroscope. That's where the charge separation is induced.
By using the cans, I can eliminate the need for additional support. That aside, you can use any kind of conductor. It's size will determine the voltage measured, in terms of magnitude, as well as stability of the value.
Let's consider the extreme situation. If the conductor is too short, then not much separation of electric charges will be produced.
If it's too thin, then the measured value will be easily affected by environmental conditions, including the load from the voltmeter.
If it's too big, then the voltage generated will be too small.
There will be some optimal size according to the size of the containers, as well as the load of the voltmeter. I don't have any easy method to determine all of these. I just did what I could do with what I could get, and follow with plan, do, check, adjust cycle of continuous improvement.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

I'm making some progress in editing the experiment video. I still have to add the voice over narrations.
You'll see how the voltage changes when the current source is connected and disconnected. Also when the quantity of liquid in either container is increased, when both contain sodium chloride.
The next slides shows the results when the liquid in the left container is replaced with potassium chloride.
And then the liquid in the right container is replaced with magnesium chloride.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

I've finished the text to speech conversion of the voice over script, and inserted them into the corresponding slides. But they still need some timing synchronization.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

The video ends up to be 14+ minutes long, the longest that I have made so far.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

As a recap, the electrodynamic balance has a similar working principles as electroscopes.

Instead of electrostatic induction, it uses electrodynamic induction produced by ionic current. In both cases, the induced conductors are isolated from the induction sources.

The force produced by the electrodynamic induction is usually too weak to visibly move the thin metal leaves. That's why we need a more sensitive way to measure it.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

That's why we need a more sensitive way to measure it.

How MOSFET Work.

-Corrections
10:53 Boron Atom should have only 5 electrons in total. The 8 shown in shell layer 2 should be ignored.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

I used a toroidal transformer to provide a floating 48 VAC power source to make sure potential balance. The resulting current is around 1 Ampere, which is measured using a digital clamp meter.

To convert Lorentz force on test particles into potential difference, I used two empty cat food cans. They are inserted below the plastic boxes.
 
They were inspired by how leaf electroscopes work which propagate electrostatic force from the head on top of the electroscopes to the metal leaves at the bottom. But instead of observing the position of leaves as the electrostatic force works against gravity, we just simply measure the potential difference between two can bottoms using a voltmeter.

Screws are provided near the bottom of the cans to provide secure connection with the voltmeter leads. It's important to isolate the cans from ceramic floor, as it creates erroneous reading. I simply used the lids of plastic box as the mats.

My post above was a few pages back already, so it's understandable that people who just joined this thread recently have missed it.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Magnetic Field of a Moving Charge, Proton, Right Hand Rule - Physics & Electromagnetism

This physics video tutorial explains how to calculate the magnetic field of a moving charge such as a proton.  It explains how to determine the direction of the magnetic field of a moving proton using the right hand rule and the i j k technique.  You need to find the cross product of the velocity and position vectors.

Note that to measure the magnetic field, a moving charged particle is required. The force exerted to that particle determines the magnetic field, through Lorentz force formula. The question is, what's the velocity it refers to?
How those particles affect the relative magnetic permeability of the space around them?

[alancalverd]

Note that to measure the magnetic field, a moving charged particle is required.

No. A stationary charge has no magnetic field. The language must reflect the truth: you can't "measure the magnetic field" of a charged particle because it doesn't have one!

Protons and electrons have a magnetic dipole associated with their "spin" but they aren't actually rotating in the classical sense, and the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor isn't anything to do with the sum of carrier spins, which is zero.