[Bored chemist]

ou don't consider quantization of radiation energy. Planck didn't either.

Planck is recognised for being among the first to consider the quantisation of radiation.
That led to the law which bears his name.

Are you trying to set some sort of record for how many wrong things you can say in one post?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Let x=1 m,  while y=1m/cycle.
Although they have the same dimension, they can't represent the same thing.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Are you trying to set some sort of record for how many wrong things you can say in one post?

What my record was? What it is now?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

I didn't pick glass at random.
The more or less defining property of glass is that it is transparent.
So, if 10% is reflected then nearly 90% is transmitted and a small fraction absorbed.

Were you not able to work that out?

In this particular thought experiment, I catch each of the reflected beams in a mirrored cavity, and gift wrap the cavities so I can give them to my brother for Christmas.

Now, you insisted that it mattered what I did with them.
Please explain why it's important that my brother gets this rather odd Xmas present.
(Alternatively, admit that what happens to the rest of the beam is not actually important)

According to photon model, matter can only emit or absorb light energy in a discrete multiple of hf. That's why I asked how you would reduce the radiation energy to below the minimum nonzero limit.

[Bored chemist]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

How long does a photon with 1 THz frequency last, from beginning to its end?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

To be clear, I started this thread to discuss how currently accepted theory is used to explain observations on light in various frequency and situations. What assumptions are needed by the explanation? Are there unexpected results? What may be the cause of the discrepancy between observations and expectations? If it's caused by errors in experimental setups, what can be done to fix it?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Here is a demonstration of photoelectric effect, which is thought as an evidence that light behaves like particles.

The video shows that visible light cannot release electron from the metal plate, while UV lamp can.

The follow up questions would naturally occur. What would happen if we use lower frequency radiation, such as infrared, microwave, radio wave, or induction heater?
What if we use higher frequency, such as X ray and gamma ray?
Can strong enough red laser release the electrons from the plate?

[Bored chemist]

Here is a demonstration of photoelectric effect, which is thought as an evidence that light behaves like particles.

The video shows that visible light cannot release electron from the metal plate, while UV lamp can.

The follow up questions would naturally occur. What would happen if we use lower frequency radiation, such as infrared, microwave, radio wave, or induction heater?
What if we use higher frequency, such as X ray and gamma ray?
Can strong enough red laser release the electrons from the plate?

Those questions were asked and answered a hundred years ago.

[Bored chemist]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

How long does a photon with 1 THz frequency last, from beginning to its end?

Forever.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Those questions were asked and answered a hundred years ago.

What's the answer?

[Bored chemist]

Those questions were asked and answered a hundred years ago.

What's the answer?

Is Google borken?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

How long does a photon with 1 THz frequency last, from beginning to its end?

Forever.

What if the transmitter is only powered up for 1 second?

[Bored chemist]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

How long does a photon with 1 THz frequency last, from beginning to its end?

Forever.

What if the transmitter is only powered up for 1 second?

Then you can not tell if the  frequency was 999,999,999,999.5 Hz or 1,000,000,000,000.5Hz

[alancalverd]

The follow up questions would naturally occur. What would happen if we use lower frequency radiation, such as infrared, microwave, radio wave, or induction heater?

no photoelectrons

What if we use higher frequency, such as X ray and gamma ray?

more photoelectrons

Can strong enough red laser release the electrons from the plate?

In some circumstances you can get 2-photon effects but these rely on a nonlinear process which AFAIK does not occur in metals. The effect may have been predicted, but not observed, 100 years ago.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

The follow up questions would naturally occur. What would happen if we use lower frequency radiation, such as infrared, microwave, radio wave, or induction heater?

no photoelectrons

What if we use higher frequency, such as X ray and gamma ray?

more photoelectrons

Can strong enough red laser release the electrons from the plate?

In some circumstances you can get 2-photon effects but these rely on a nonlinear process which AFAIK does not occur in metals. The effect may have been predicted, but not observed, 100 years ago.

Gamma ray can pass through the metal plate, which means that only small portion of its energy is available to eject the electrons.

Induction heater can increase the temperature of the metal plate to produce thermionic effect. So, if the metal plate is kept at low temperature, eg using some cooler, the electron can be kept on the metal plate.

So, if the plate is kept at 0K, is the photoelectric effect by uv light still observed?

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Microwave can produce observable electric spark on sharp metal objects. It is a potential way to release electron. With high enough power, even slight roughness on the metal surface may release electron to the air.
Steel wool can be burnt using microwave, so there would be some thermionic effect.

[hamdani yusuf (OP)]

Do you realise that 1 photon per second is not a limit because you can have one photon per week?

How long does a photon with 1 THz frequency last, from beginning to its end?

Forever.

What if the transmitter is only powered up for 1 second?

Then you can not tell if the  frequency was 999,999,999,999.5 Hz or 1,000,000,000,000.5Hz

I'm not sure how adding that amount of uncertainty can compensate for the reduction of photon duration from forever to 1 second. Is this really the currently accepted theory?

[alancalverd]

I'm not sure how adding that amount of uncertainty can compensate for the reduction of photon duration from forever to 1 second. Is this really the currently accepted theory?

It's the consequence of wave mathematics and fourier analysis. By switching off after 1 second you have terminated the low frequency spectrum at 1 Hz.

[alancalverd]

There are indeed other means of liberating electrons, principally by heating (thermionic valves) or field emission (various electron guns). Microwave radiation can obviously do both, depending on the substrate.

There are several possible mechanisms for energetic photon interaction with a substrate. Any gamma rays that have passed through the metal plate without loss of energy obviously have not transferred their energy to any electrons. However several will have scattered, producing photoelectrons (most of which are reabsorbed in the plate) and secondary gammas which themselves can liberate photoelectrons.  Some high energy (> 1.02 MeV)  gammas will generate e-p pairs which annihilate to produce 511 keV photons, as we have been discussing, and these may also release photoelectrons.