[hj38 (OP)]

Some quotes from studies that may be relevant.  I think Ephedra is used in Chinese medicine. Any experts?

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Amphetamine in ADHD medication increase these same hormones i think. Adrenaline and Noradrelanine.

"In the new study, the investigators were able to show that the massive redistribution of immune cells throughout the body was orchestrated by three hormones. The general pattern, Dhabhar said, was that norepinephrine is released early and is primarily involved in mobilizing all major immune-cell types -- monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes -- into the blood. Epinephrine, also released early, mobilized monocytes and neutrophils into the blood, while nudging lymphocytes out into "battlefield" destinations" "


"The COVID-19 infection rate is nearly 50% higher among individuals with unmedicated ADHD compared to individuals without ADHD"


"After controlling for confounding factors, the results indicated that influenza risk significantly reduced in the group of ADHD patients who were prescribed methylphenidate for 90 days and more"


It could be that unmedicated are more risk taking. But numbers seem so high. Also research show ADHD may be an inflammatory disease.

[Origin]

"The COVID-19 infection rate is nearly 50% higher among individuals with unmedicated ADHD compared to individuals without ADHD"

I thought I read that the increased risk was due to unmedicated ADHD people acting a bit more risky and impulsive and not due to any antiviral benefit from medication.

[hj38 (OP)]

"The COVID-19 infection rate is nearly 50% higher among individuals with unmedicated ADHD compared to individuals without ADHD"

I thought I read that the increased risk was due to unmedicated ADHD people acting a bit more risky and impulsive and not due to any antiviral benefit from medication.

The numbers are so large i don´t think this can explain it all. And research suggest ADHD may be an immunological disease.

[hj38 (OP)]

From a study on the plant Ephedra. Relevant or not i do not know.

"Antiviral effects of Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra) against H1N1 influenza virus"

"Ma Huang Tang (MHT), a classical Chinese herbal decoction which has been used in clinic for thousands of years, was very effective in treating the upper respiratory tract infection. But its activity against influenza virus A, the anti-inflammatory effect and the underlying mechanisms have been poorly investigated in previous researches. In this study, the antiviral efficacy of MHT directly inhibiting influenza virus A was investigated in vitro in MDCK cells. In an ICR pneumonia mouse model infected with influenza virus A PR/8/34, MHT (8, 4 and 2 g/kg) were oral administrated for 7 days after viral challenge, to evaluate the effect of MHT on ameliorating viral pneumonia and decipher the underlying mechanisms. The in vitro results showed that MHT possessed antiviral activity with low toxicity. The in vivo assays showed that MHT (8 and 4 g/kg) significantly attenuated lung histopathological changes, decreased lung index, interleukin (IL)-4,5, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), CD3+, CD8+ T cell levels, increased IL-2, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), CD4+ T cell levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, inhibited toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) protein levels. All these results demonstrate that MHT can strikingly ameliorate influenza virus A pneumonia in mice, which is associated with the regulating effect of MHT in the imbalance of body’s immune function and the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway of TLR4."

[Bored chemist]

There'as a plan to test a bunch  of drugs to see if they help treat covid.
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/large-clinical-trial-study-repurposed-drugs-treat-covid-19-symptoms

If there's good anecdotal evidence for a drug, I guess it will get tested (maybe not in this programme).
So, that study about ADHD may well lead to some further testing.

In the case of behavioural traits like ADHD it will be very hard to isolate any specific pharmaceutical effect on covid without such a trial.

[hj38 (OP)]

"Recently studies have suggested involvement of cytokine pathways in those with ADHD. There is accumulating evidence that catecholamine and indolamine imbalances may be a cause or result of inflammation.

Cytokines are key mediators of immune function and can be either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Therefore, ADHD may be linked with other systems in the body including the immune system, endocrine system, gastrointestinal system, and biochemical pathways."

[hj38 (OP)]

 "Attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder is associated with allergic symptoms and low levels of hemoglobin and serotonin"

"Maternal autoimmune disease raises children’s risk of ADHD"