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the Mesopotamian cuneiform script, invented in Sumer, present-day Iraq, c. 3200 BC, can be traced without any discontinuity over a period of 10,000 years, from a prehistoric antecedent to the present-day alphabet. Its evolution is divided into four phases: (a) clay tokens representing units of goods were used for accounting (8000–3500 BC); (b) the three dimensional tokens were transformed into two-dimensional pictographic signs, and like the former tokens, the pictographic script served exclusively for accounting (3500–3000 BC); (c) phonetic signs, introduced to transcribe the name of individuals, marked the turning point when writing started emulating spoken language and, as a result, became applicable to all fields of human experience (3000–1500 BC); (d) with two dozen letters, each standing for a single sound of voice, the alphabet perfected the rendition of speech. After ideography, logographs and syllabaries, the alphabet represents a further segmentation of meaning.
Turning boys into girls is not natural.
Quote from: puppypower on 24/02/2018 13:08:08 Turning boys into girls is not natural. Sex change is rare but far from unknown in other species - the common eel being the most familiar (and delicious). Sexual variability is common among insects (the honey bee being a good example: nearly all the eggs are identical but only a chosen few become queens). Transgenderism is known in several bird species, with some males sharing the female role in a menage a trois.
Other creation myths are available.The ones that were around at the dawn of writing have presumably been lost to history.
The subroutine problem; symbolically called Satan, with respect to willpower, choice and unnatural instinct, is addressed in the second half of Genesis.
It's been a while since I saw the film, but there was some speculation that markings beside rock paintings in Chauvet Cave may have indicated the painter or the hunter.If correct, that would put it around 30,000 years ago...See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chauvet_Cavehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_Forgotten_Dreams
Quote from: evan_au on 16/02/2018 12:07:17It's been a while since I saw the film, but there was some speculation that markings beside rock paintings in Chauvet Cave may have indicated the painter or the hunter.If correct, that would put it around 30,000 years ago...See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chauvet_Cavehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_Forgotten_DreamsWorks of art; cave drawing, are sort of like writing, but there are differences. If I was to paint a picture of hunters in the field, I may not be doing this to record the event. The artist may be doing this to convey the mood or emotions of a pastoral scene. People are not looking to buy a photo. They wish something that shows artistic talent.As an artist, I can take liberties and even place extra critters with exaggerated legs to show how fast they run. This is not supposed to be a photo, but the goal is to move the audience. Like art, there may not be one way to interpret this work of art. Art is not a useful form of written language, due to the subjective elements in art. Art has a different purpose more geared to the unconscious mind; reaction. Art, unlike writing, is not group procedural. Art is spontaneous and creative, and may not be easy to reproduce, even by the artist. There is only one Mona Lisa. Art is not a repeatable and easy to do form of writing. I would be hard to implement, by everyone, to the needs of day to day civilization. That will come later. Evidence suggest the first forms of writing were connected to commerce; labels, price tags, contracts and records. This invention was more that likely based on necessity. Without written language, one has to depend on spoken promises, memory, and salesmen who remember things differently, than they promised with spoken words. The used car salesmen will say all types of thing he will not put into writing. For example, you are promised $1/pot of grain at planting time. After the harvest your buyer, can't remember saying that. He thought it said $0.50/pot of grain. You would have grown corn if that had been the agreed price. There is an argument. Culture needed a way to settle this, up front. The solution was basic writing used for records and signatures. You make a contract and both have copies. This also had to be simple and have a more user friendly interface, compared to the skills of an artist; simple symbols. If we extrapolate from writing for commerce other disagreements in culture had to be settled, which had little to do with trade; dates, genealogy, land holdings, gossip, etc. To be proactive, and meet the needs of all possible conflicts of the future, the invention needed to mimic all the promises of spoken language, which resulted in language sounds expressed as a system of written symbols.
Quote from: puppypower on 02/03/2018 13:39:24Quote from: evan_au on 16/02/2018 12:07:17It's been a while since I saw the film, but there was some speculation that markings beside rock paintings in Chauvet Cave may have indicated the painter or the hunter.If correct, that would put it around 30,000 years ago...See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chauvet_Cavehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_Forgotten_DreamsWorks of art; cave drawing, are sort of like writing, but there are differences. If I was to paint a picture of hunters in the field, I may not be doing this to record the event. The artist may be doing this to convey the mood or emotions of a pastoral scene. People are not looking to buy a photo. They wish something that shows artistic talent.As an artist, I can take liberties and even place extra critters with exaggerated legs to show how fast they run. This is not supposed to be a photo, but the goal is to move the audience. Like art, there may not be one way to interpret this work of art. Art is not a useful form of written language, due to the subjective elements in art. Art has a different purpose more geared to the unconscious mind; reaction. Art, unlike writing, is not group procedural. Art is spontaneous and creative, and may not be easy to reproduce, even by the artist. There is only one Mona Lisa. Art is not a repeatable and easy to do form of writing. I would be hard to implement, by everyone, to the needs of day to day civilization. That will come later. Evidence suggest the first forms of writing were connected to commerce; labels, price tags, contracts and records. This invention was more that likely based on necessity. Without written language, one has to depend on spoken promises, memory, and salesmen who remember things differently, than they promised with spoken words. The used car salesmen will say all types of thing he will not put into writing. For example, you are promised $1/pot of grain at planting time. After the harvest your buyer, can't remember saying that. He thought it said $0.50/pot of grain. You would have grown corn if that had been the agreed price. There is an argument. Culture needed a way to settle this, up front. The solution was basic writing used for records and signatures. You make a contract and both have copies. This also had to be simple and have a more user friendly interface, compared to the skills of an artist; simple symbols. If we extrapolate from writing for commerce other disagreements in culture had to be settled, which had little to do with trade; dates, genealogy, land holdings, gossip, etc. To be proactive, and meet the needs of all possible conflicts of the future, the invention needed to mimic all the promises of spoken language, which resulted in language sounds expressed as a system of written symbols. Did you read the post you commented on?"markings beside rock paintings in Chauvet Cave may have indicated the painter "That's a "written" name or signature.
A person signing their name to a possession, implies a sense of self awareness. The dating of 30,000 years ago appears to be too early for that. Civilization would have formed much sooner if people were already self aware 30,000 year ago. Self awareness was due to the lingering memories induced by written language.