[hamdani yusuf]

I asked Gemini, Is there any equation predicting that hydrogen will produce diatomic molecules?

No, there isn't a single equation in classical chemistry that predicts exactly how many atoms will bond together to form a molecule like H2.  However, there are fundamental principles and calculations in quantum mechanics that can explain why hydrogen forms a diatomic molecule (H2) and why some elements form single atoms or larger molecules.
Here's why a simple equation isn't enough:

Quantum mechanics rules the game: The behavior of electrons at the atomic level is governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. These principles describe the probabilistic nature of electrons occupying orbitals around the nucleus.

[Kryptid]

Can it be described in a single paragraph?

I did here:

For one, a pair of protons isn't going to randomly join together to form a single nucleus because the Coulomb barrier is too strong to overcome at common temperatures and pressures. So they remain separate. The number of nuclei dictates the total number of atoms. The electrons then arrange themselves in the lowest energy configuration around those nuclei.

The Pauli exclusion principle goes a long way towards telling you how those electrons will be arranged, as you can't have more than two electrons per orbital (electrons are fermions, so no two of them can have identical quantum numbers).

[alancalverd]

I asked Gemini, Is there any equation predicting that hydrogen will produce diatomic molecules?

Why not try asking a textbook, or a scientist?

[paul cotter]

Ander&Sonnessa, principles of chemistry.

[hamdani yusuf]

I asked Gemini, Is there any equation predicting that hydrogen will produce diatomic molecules?

Why not try asking a textbook, or a scientist?

Gemini has read various publicly available online sources, and can make conclusions accordingly. It answers specific questions almost immediately, including the follow up.

Textbooks typically don't answer specific questions.
Scientists typically don't answer specific questions from strangers.

[hamdani yusuf]

Can it be described in a single paragraph?

I did here:

For one, a pair of protons isn't going to randomly join together to form a single nucleus because the Coulomb barrier is too strong to overcome at common temperatures and pressures. So they remain separate. The number of nuclei dictates the total number of atoms. The electrons then arrange themselves in the lowest energy configuration around those nuclei.

The Pauli exclusion principle goes a long way towards telling you how those electrons will be arranged, as you can't have more than two electrons per orbital (electrons are fermions, so no two of them can have identical quantum numbers).

Your first answer hasn't involved Pauli's principle, which means it hasn't correctly explain why hydrogen atoms automatically form diatomic molecules.

[alancalverd]

Gemini has read various publicly available online sources, and can make conclusions accordingly. It answers specific questions almost immediatelyimmediately, including the follow up.

and has given you a couple of paragraphs of bullshit.

Textbooks typically don't answer specific questions.

Those we quoted answer the question you posed.

Scientists typically don't answer specific questions from strangers.

But that's how I make my living! Every new client begins as a stranger with a question, and in the fulness of time becomes a friend with an answer.

[hamdani yusuf]

How atoms REALLY make molecules!

What is molecular orbital theory and how does it work? Are you confused about frontier orbitals, HOMO and LUMOs? These concepts and more are explained with examples and animations.

Textbooks have limitations related to its static and 2 dimensional properties. They also tend to oversimplify things.

[alancalverd]

Not the textbooks I read as an undergraduate. I acquired a usefully explanatory and predictive knowledge of molecular orbitals and some of my contemporaries went on to design and synthesise useful molecules for a living. You can write an n-dimensional equation on a piece of paper with no problem.

[hamdani yusuf]

Not the textbooks I read as an undergraduate. I acquired a usefully explanatory and predictive knowledge of molecular orbitals and some of my contemporaries went on to design and synthesise useful molecules for a living. You can write an n-dimensional equation on a piece of paper with no problem.

Which textbooks did you read?
How good are they compared to modern AI's design and synthesis?

[alancalverd]

So far, the only relevant AI output you have quoted in this thread was wrong.

I listed some classic inorganic chemistry textbooks in reply #72. I also have in front of me Evans: Crystal Chemistry, Acheson: Heterocyclic Compounds, and Jaffe: Symmetry in Chemistry, all of which do exactly what your chatbot said was impossible. Sadly I can't find my first-year organic chemistry textbook but it certainly hinted at the quantum nature of stereochemistry in the hope that we'd learn enough physics to cope with the second year!

[paul cotter]

Cotton&Wilkinson, inorganic chemistry(a text that both BC and I have) is good on general chemistry.

[hamdani yusuf]

So far, the only relevant AI output you have quoted in this thread was wrong.

Is this statement by Gemini wrong?

No, there isn't a single equation in classical chemistry that predicts exactly how many atoms will bond together to form a molecule like H2. 

What's the correct equation?

[alancalverd]

Schroedinger, with a dash of Pauli.

[Bored chemist]

Is it just me?...
"Could quantum mechanics be wrong?"

https://xkcd.com/675/

[hamdani yusuf]

The best way to overturn an established theory is to come up with a better theory. Either by being more generally applicable, or by being simpler by using less assumptions.

[hamdani yusuf]

Schroedinger, with a dash of Pauli.

How do they tell you that monoatomic  and triatomic hydrogen are unstable?

[alancalverd]

Schroedinger and Pauli.

Monatomic hydrogen is stable (it doesn't collapse or decompose) but extremely reactive, forming H₂ if there's nothing more interesting to combine with.

Having a complete (Schroedinger) and fully populated (Pauli) σ orbital, H₂ is not inclined to bond with  another H atom to form H₃.

[Kryptid]

The best way to overturn an established theory is to come up with a better theory. Either by being more generally applicable, or by being simpler by using less assumptions.

We haven't been able to do that with quantum mechanics yet.

[hamdani yusuf]

Schroedinger and Pauli.

Monatomic hydrogen is stable (it doesn't collapse or decompose) but extremely reactive, forming H₂ if there's nothing more interesting to combine with.

Having a complete (Schroedinger) and fully populated (Pauli) σ orbital, H₂ is not inclined to bond with  another H atom to form H₃.

I think stable means do not easily change into something else.

Even H2 can change into something else quite easily.